关于薄壁封头一次成形的研究

发布时间：2018-05-09 06:31

本文选题：碟形封头 + 拉延筋　；参考：《合肥工业大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：封头作为压力容器的主要承压零部件,广泛应用于航空、航天、铁路、化工和核电等领域,具有加工技术条件要求高、制造工艺难度大、工艺复杂及生产周期长等特点。为提高经济效益,推动工业进一步发展,对承压容器和承压零部件的使用性能提出了更高的要求,如适应严酷工况对强度、韧性、冲击性能、低温性能、抗腐蚀等性能的要求,同时为了满足承压容器尺寸趋于大型化、使用寿命长、检查维修更便捷等要求,对其制造工艺提出了更高的的要求。冷拉深工艺由于工艺简单、生产成本较低成为目前研究的焦点。大型薄壁封头的成形工艺是封头冲压成形研究的重难点,研究的主要内容是如何避免起皱、鼓包和破裂等成形缺陷。本文结合金属塑性成形理论对封头成形过程进行研究,分析了成形缺陷的塑性力学原理。本文针对大型薄壁碟形封头在实际冷拉深生产中遇到的成形缺陷问题,通过对常规分步拉深成形和引入拉延筋的一次拉深成形工艺进行分析研究,提出了一种新的拉延筋应用思路,同时分析了冲压参数、模具设计和摩擦系数对成形缺陷的影响。利用Dynaform有限元软件,确定具体的拉延筋设计参数,并通过有限元软件仿真计算和正交试验,将冲压成形工艺中各参数进行优化,并通过实验验证了新方案的可行性,解决了实际生产中的成形缺陷问题,实现了封头一次拉深成形的工艺优化。
[Abstract]:As the main pressure components of pressure vessel, the head is widely used in the fields of aviation, aerospace, railway, chemical industry and nuclear power. It has the characteristics of high requirement of processing technology, high difficulty in manufacturing process, complex process and long production cycle. In order to improve economic efficiency and promote the further development of industry, higher requirements have been put forward for the performance of pressure vessels and pressure components, such as the requirements for strength, toughness, impact performance, low temperature performance, corrosion resistance and so on. At the same time, in order to meet the requirements of large size, long service life and convenient inspection and maintenance of the pressure vessel, a higher requirement for its manufacturing process is put forward. Because of its simple process and low production cost, cold drawing process has become the focus of current research. The forming process of large thin-walled head is the most difficult point in the research of stamping forming. The main content of the research is how to avoid the forming defects such as wrinkling, bulging and cracking. Based on the theory of metal plastic forming, the forming process of head is studied in this paper, and the plastic mechanics principle of forming defect is analyzed. In this paper, aiming at the forming defects of large thin-walled disc head in cold drawing production, the conventional step drawing forming process and one drawing forming process with drawing bars are analyzed and studied. A new train of thought for application of drawing bars is proposed, and the influence of stamping parameters, die design and friction coefficient on forming defects is analyzed. The design parameters of drawing bars are determined by using Dynaform finite element software, and the parameters in stamping process are optimized by means of finite element software simulation and orthogonal test. The feasibility of the new scheme is verified by experiments. The problem of forming defects in practical production is solved, and the process optimization of first-time drawing is realized.
【学位授予单位】：合肥工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TH49;TG386

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