振动切削抑制颤振的数值拟与实验研究

发布时间：2018-05-18 05:47

本文选题：颤振 + 模型　；参考：《华东理工大学》2016年硕士论文

【摘要】：颤振现象一直以来都是约束高速切削技术发展的一个主要的因素。不只是由于机床产生的颤振常常十分剧烈,而且产生颤振的根源就位于切削系统自身。避免和抑制切削颤振的对策变得十分有难度,已成为当今机床加工能力的提高所面临的最大障碍。因此,研究切削颤振的发生机理、规律及其控制方法,对提高机床的加工能力和加工精度,延长刀具的使用寿命,具有十分重要的意义。本文研究对象为再生颤振普通切削模型与振动切削模型。本文在对再生颤振机理以及振动切削技术深入研究的基础上,建立了一个新的实用型的可适合多种工件材料的二自由度非线性再生颤振普通切削模型；又将该模型延伸到振动切削系统,建立了一个含有脉冲切削力的二自由度非线性再生颤振振动切削模型；进行振动切削的颤振抑制实验,在振动切削装置上完成了4组普通切削和振动切削的对比试验,观测振动切削对颤振的抑制作用；进行振动切削的颤振抑制作用的数值模拟,利用与实验相同的刀具和机床参数,用matlab软件对已经建好的普通切削模型和振动切削模型进行仿真；最后,将数值模拟的结果与实验结果进行对比,以此来验证模型的准确性。本文实验结果和仿真结果具有很好的吻合性。实验及仿真结果表明：颤振频率与工件夹具系统固有频率相近,即工件夹具振动系统固有频率决定了颤振的频率；二自由度非线性再生颤振普通切削模型与振动切削模型的正确性得到验证；普通切削发生颤振的第一要素为刀具的角度,而振动切削即使改变刀具的角度,颤振仍被有效地抑制,表明振动切削比普通切削有更高的切削稳定性。
[Abstract]:Flutter phenomenon has always been a major factor to constrain the development of high speed cutting technology. Not only is the chatter produced by machine tools often very violent, but the source of flutter lies in the cutting system itself. It is very difficult to avoid and suppress cutting chatter, which has become the biggest obstacle to the improvement of machining ability. Therefore, it is of great significance to study the mechanism, regularity and control methods of cutting chatter to improve the machining ability and precision of machine tools and prolong the service life of cutting tools. In this paper, the general cutting model and vibration cutting model of regenerative chatter are studied. On the basis of deep research on regenerative chatter mechanism and vibration cutting technology, a new practical two degree of freedom nonlinear regenerative chatter general cutting model suitable for many kinds of workpiece materials is established in this paper. The model is extended to the vibration cutting system, and a two degree of freedom nonlinear regenerative chatter vibration cutting model with pulse cutting force is established, and the chatter suppression experiment of vibration cutting is carried out. In this paper, four groups of contrast tests of ordinary cutting and vibration cutting are completed on the vibration cutting device, the effects of vibration cutting on chatter suppression are observed, and the numerical simulation of vibration cutting chatter suppression is carried out. Using the same tool and machine tool parameters as the experiment, the conventional cutting model and vibration cutting model are simulated by matlab software. Finally, the numerical simulation results are compared with the experimental results to verify the accuracy of the model. The experimental results are in good agreement with the simulation results. The experimental and simulation results show that the flutter frequency is close to the natural frequency of the workpiece fixture system, that is, the natural frequency of the workpiece jig vibration system determines the flutter frequency. The correctness of the two degree of freedom nonlinear regenerative chatter cutting model and vibration cutting model is verified. The first element of the common cutting chatter is the angle of the tool, and the vibration cutting even changes the cutting tool angle. Chatter is still effectively suppressed, indicating that vibration cutting has higher cutting stability than ordinary cutting.
【学位授予单位】：华东理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：TG506.5

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