时效析出相对7A56铝合金强韧性与耐蚀性影响规律研究
发布时间:2018-06-07 03:21
本文选题:7A56铝合金 + 固溶 ; 参考:《北京有色金属研究总院》2017年硕士论文
【摘要】:7A56合金是一种新型的具有高强高韧耐蚀特征的高合金化7xxx系铝合金,在航空航天等领域有着很大的应用潜力。本文以7A56铝合金为研究对象,采用金相显微镜(OM)、扫描电镜(SEM)、透射电镜(TEM)等组织分析手段,并结合硬度、电导率、室温拉伸、断裂韧性、剥落腐蚀及应力腐蚀性能测试,通过系统研究7A56铝合金在固溶时效过程中组织与性能的演变规律,确定合金时效析出相与典型时效状态强韧性及耐蚀性的相关性,以为新型7A56铝合金的工业化生产与应用提供实验基础和技术支持。确定了 40mm和60mm两种厚度规格7A56铝合金热轧态板材中的残留相为AlZnMgCu相和富Fe相,其中低熔点AlZnMgCu相的熔化起始温度约为474℃:与60mm厚合金板材相比,40mm厚合金板材的晶粒尺寸较小,经470℃/4h固溶处理后,合金板材中AlZnMgCu相完全回溶,晶粒发生有一定程度的长大,合金淬火态电导率为15.6~15.7 MS/m,峰时效态硬度为204~206 HV。研究了 40mm厚7A56铝合金板材单级、双级与三级时效过程中的析出行为,经单级时效处理后,合金晶内析出相主要以η'相和GPⅡ区为主,尺寸分布范围为1~9nm,晶界析出相多呈连续分布状态;经双级时效处理后,晶内析出相尺寸明显增大至20nm,并出现部分η相,晶界析出相多呈断续分布状态,存在明显的晶界无析出带;经三级时效处理后,晶内析出相主要以η'相和GPⅡ区为主,尺寸为2~15nm,与T6峰时效态组织相似,晶界析出相多呈断续分布,具有明显的晶界无析出带,与双级时效态组织相似。随着时效程度的增加,即时效温度的提高和时效时间的延长,合金的硬度和强度均呈先增加后减小的趋势,电导率呈增加的趋势。分析了典型时效状态下析出相与合金强度性能、断裂韧性及耐腐蚀性能的相关性。早期时效后合金中以η'相和GPⅡ区为主的晶内析出相尺寸较小且体积分数较大,有利于提高合金的强度,过时效阶段晶内析出相发生粗化,使合金强度降低。连续分布的晶界析出相易成为裂纹扩展的有利途径、以及连续的阳极腐蚀通道,降低合金的断裂韧性及耐腐蚀性能,而粗化并呈断续分布的晶界析出相有利于提高合金的断裂韧性及耐腐蚀性能。经120℃/8h+175℃/140min+120℃/24h时效处理后,7A56合金中晶内析出相以η'相和GPⅡ区为主,尺寸约为2~11nm,晶界析出相呈断续分布且明显粗化,合金板材表现出较好的综合性能,其抗拉强度、屈服强度、延伸率和电导率分别达到637MPa、617MPa、11.6%和 22.5MS/m,平面应变断裂韧性(Kic)为 40.1MPa·m1/2,剥落腐蚀等级为EB,应力腐蚀临界强度因子(KISCC)为44.2MPa·m1/2。
[Abstract]:7A56 alloy is a new kind of high alloyed 7xxx alloy with high strength and high toughness and corrosion resistance. It has great application potential in aerospace and other fields. In this paper, the microstructure of 7A56 aluminum alloy was studied by means of metallographic microscope, scanning electron microscope (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Hardness, electrical conductivity, room temperature tensile strength, fracture toughness, exfoliation corrosion and stress corrosion resistance were measured. The evolution law of microstructure and properties of 7A56 aluminum alloy during solution aging was studied systematically, and the correlation between aging precipitation phase and strength, toughness and corrosion resistance of aging alloy was determined. It provides experimental basis and technical support for industrial production and application of new 7A56 aluminum alloy. The residual phases in hot-rolled 7A56 aluminum alloy sheet with 40mm and 60mm thickness specifications are AlZnMgCu phase and Fe-rich phase. The initial melting temperature of low melting point AlZnMgCu phase is about 474 鈩,
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