环形铣刀五轴铣削加工的稳定性研究

发布时间：2018-06-12 10:31

本文选题：五轴加工 + 环形铣刀　；参考：《太原科技大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着科学技术的不断发展,高端技术产业中复杂曲面的运用越来越多,对关键零部件的制造技术要求更加严格,由于五轴加工刀位姿态灵活可变,加工效益优异,被广泛的运用到高端技术制造业中。五轴加工是一个复杂的物理过程,加工过程中的切削力、变形和振动等现象严重制约着铣削加工质量和加工效益。目前,对于稳定性的研究大多都是针对三轴立铣加工,切削力研究大多都是针对球头铣刀五轴加工,而对于环形铣刀五轴加工及其稳定性的研究却较少。本文主要以环形铣刀作为加工刀具,围绕五轴加工中的动态特性,对刀具跳动、切削力和稳定性进行研究。本文的主要研究内容如下:根据环形铣刀的几何模型,建立了考虑刀具径向跳动的瞬时切削厚度模型,分析了刀具径向跳动对瞬时切削厚度的影响,以及不同刀齿数刀具的每刃切削厚度的变化规律,建立了切削力模型,分析了环形铣刀径向跳动对切削力的影响。运用实体-解析法获取不同倾角下刀具与工件的接触区域,进而得出离散下的切入切出角,运用建立的五轴切削力模型预测铣削力的变化情况,并通过试验对切削力模型的准确性进行了验证。通过建立环形铣刀的动力学模型,提出了运用线性多步法中Gear公式和Hamming公式预测铣削稳定性,这两种方法都有较高的计算精度和计算效率。运用Hamming方法讨论了不同刀具尺寸的变化和刀具跳动对铣削稳定性影响,说明球头铣刀、环形铣刀以及刀具径向跳动现象在一定的条件下都能提高铣削稳定性。通过建立五轴铣削加工动力学模型,运用离散法获取环形铣刀不同切削深度下的刀具开始切入和切出工件的切入切出角,分析了其与五轴切削力预测的切入切出角的不同之处,运用CAM软件将获得的切入切出角通过MATLAB仿真得到不同倾角下的稳定性叶瓣图,说明加工时刀具倾角能改变铣削稳定域,为五轴加工参数优选提供了一定的理论基础。
[Abstract]:With the continuous development of science and technology, more and more complex surfaces are used in high-end technology industry. The requirements for the manufacturing technology of key parts are more stringent. The five axis machining tool position is flexible and the processing efficiency is excellent, it is widely used in the high-end technology manufacturing industry. Five axis machining is a complex physical process, processing is a complex process. The cutting force, deformation and vibration in the process seriously restrict the quality and efficiency of milling. At present, most of the research on stability is aimed at three axis vertical milling. Most of the cutting force research is aimed at the five axis machining of ball end milling cutter, but the study on the five axis machining and the stability of the ring milling cutter is less. A circular milling cutter is used as a machining tool, and the dynamic characteristics of the five axis machining are studied. The cutting force, cutting force and stability are studied. The main contents of this paper are as follows: Based on the geometric model of the ring milling cutter, the instantaneous cutting thickness model considering the radial runout of the cutter is established, and the cutting thickness of the cutting tool to the instantaneous cutting thickness is analyzed. The influence of the degree and the changing law of the cutting thickness of each blade of the cutter number cutter set up the cutting force model. The influence of the radial runout of the ring milling cutter on the cutting force is analyzed. The contact area of the cutting tool and the workpiece under different inclination angles is obtained by the solid analysis method, and then the cut out angle is obtained and the five axis cutting is used. The force model is used to predict the change of the milling force, and the accuracy of the cutting force model is verified by the test. By establishing the dynamic model of the ring milling cutter, the Gear formula and the Hamming formula in the linear multistep method are used to predict the milling stability. These two methods have higher calculation precision and efficiency. The use of Hamming square method is used. The influence of different tool sizes and tool runout on milling stability is discussed. It shows that the ball end milling cutter, ring milling cutter and tool radial runout can improve the milling stability under certain conditions. By establishing the dynamic model of five axis milling, the cutting tool under the different cutting depth of the ring milling cutter is obtained by the discrete method. Starting cut and cutting out the cut out angle of the workpiece, the difference between the cutting angle and the cutting angle of the five axis cutting force is analyzed. The cut out angle obtained by the CAM software is obtained by MATLAB simulation to get the stable leaf flap under different inclination angles, which shows that the cutting angle of the cutter can change the milling stable domain and the optimization of the five axis machining parameters. It provides a certain theoretical basis.
【学位授予单位】：太原科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TG54

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