空间三角形结构件焊接工艺及参数研究

发布时间：2018-06-14 19:16

  本文选题：单层球形网壳结构 + 焊接工艺　； 参考：《郑州大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：焊接是工业生产中非常重要的一种连接形式,其中的气体保护焊广泛应用在各个领域。但是由于焊接过程是运动的热源且焊件局部受热,使得焊后存在难以避免的变形和残余应力,但合理的焊接工艺可以显著改善焊件性能。本文针对空间网壳单层球形网壳中典型三角形焊接结构的主要部分进行焊接工艺研究。首先采用SolidWorks建立三维模型,然后导入Simufact.Mesh.Simulab进行网格划分,最后采用Simufact.Welding软件对该焊接结构进行应力和变形数值分析。研究的焊接工艺参数包括:焊接中点固焊顺序、数量、位置,以及焊接速度、焊接电压、预热温度、约束位置、焊炬个数等。并通过试验方法测出焊点数量为3时的Y向变形量与软件求解所得跟踪点结果进行对比验证。对以上所述焊接工艺参数的研究,得出以下结论:焊点数量多少与奇偶性对焊后应力和变形影响很大;点焊顺序(取三个焊点时),中间焊点最后焊接时,最大综合变形和等效应力峰值都最小;点焊位置的影响同样很大,当点焊在两个焊缝同时施焊或者只在焊缝2一侧时,变形和应力都比较小;焊接速度提高时焊接变形有一定波动,但等效应力却有明显增大趋势;随着电压变化,变形和应力也有类似的变化;约束位置改变时,当夹持位置在中间时等效应力最小,焊接变形受夹持位置影响比等效应力小;预热温度对焊接变形和应力影响呈现先降低再升高的趋势,在100℃时取得最小值;焊枪个数用两个时两侧同时施焊,比只用一个焊枪焊接效果好。焊接过程中工艺参数选择很关键,而这些参数对焊接质量的影响根本在于焊接输入的热(多少、快慢、分布等)和外界机械约束(约束形式、卸载时间等)综合作用。
[Abstract]:Welding is a very important form of connection in industrial production, in which gas shielded welding is widely used in various fields. However, the welding process is the heat source of movement and the welding part is locally heated, which makes it difficult to avoid deformation and residual stress after welding. However, reasonable welding process can significantly improve the properties of welding parts. In this paper, the welding technology of typical triangular welded structure in single layer spherical reticulated shell is studied. Firstly, SolidWorks is used to build 3D model, then Simufact.Mesh.Simulab is imported to mesh. Finally, the stress and deformation of the welded structure are analyzed numerically by Simufact.Simulab. The welding process parameters are as follows: sequence, quantity, position, welding speed, welding voltage, preheating temperature, constraint position, number of torch, etc. The Y-direction deformation with the number of solder joints 3 is measured by the test method and compared with the results obtained by the software. By studying the welding process parameters mentioned above, the following conclusions are drawn: the number of solder joints has a great influence on the stress and deformation after welding with odd and even butt welding, and the spot welding sequence (when three solder joints are taken, when the middle solder joint is finally welded), The maximum comprehensive deformation and the peak equivalent stress are the smallest, and the effect of spot welding position is also very great. When the spot welding is carried out at the same time or only on the two sides of the weld, the deformation and stress are relatively small. With the increase of welding speed, the welding deformation fluctuates, but the equivalent stress increases obviously; with the change of voltage, the deformation and stress have similar changes; when the constraint position changes, the equivalent stress is the smallest when the clamping position is in the middle. The welding deformation is less affected by clamping position than equivalent stress, the effect of preheating temperature on welding deformation and stress decreases first and then increases, and the minimum value is obtained at 100 鈩，

本文编号：2018672