大型龙门铣床横梁参数化建模及多目标优化

发布时间：2018-06-16 07:43

本文选题：龙门铣床 + 横梁　；参考：《陕西理工学院》2016年硕士论文

【摘要】：大型龙门铣床是机械加工制造重要设备之一,以快速、高精度而著称,其横梁跨距大,易引起加工的不稳定,因此相关设计人员长期致力于对大跨距横梁的性能研究。随着CAD、CAE软件高度智能化、集成化,用有限元分析软件来建立机床部件有限元模型,对其实际加工工况进行模拟和仿真,为以后的改进和优化提供指导依据。本研究以汉川数控机床股份公司正研制的某大型龙门铣床为出发点,该铣床是我国自主研发的机械设备,样机试制成功后,发现精度未能达到设计要求,分析其目前存在的问题,总体来看机床设计研发起点较高,但综合性能尚需提高,主要问题之一是横梁结构不够合理,引起加工工件的精度不达标。如果能解决这一问题,将极大的提高该产品的国际竞争力。本论文使用主流建模软件Solidworks对横梁进行参数化建模,应用大型CAE软件ANSYS Workbench对横梁进行了静、动态有限元分析,分析结果表明横梁静态性能能够满足要求,但是动态性能却欠佳,原因是一阶模态易于被激发,考虑对横梁进行优化分析,以一阶模态和质量为优化目标,用Ansys Workbench的Design Exploration模块进行基于响应面法的多目标优化,优化结果表明横梁的一阶模态提升2.4%,质量降低7.2%,横梁的多目标优化使产品的使用性能和经济性两方面得到提高。最后用Shape Optimization(Beta)对横梁的上顶面进行了去除材料分析,为后续分析提供了思路。
[Abstract]:The large gantry milling machine is one of the important equipments in machining and manufacturing. It is famous for its fast and high precision. The long span of the beam is easy to cause the instability of the machining. So the related designers have been devoted to the study of the performance of the long span beam for a long time. With the high intelligence and integration of CAE software, the finite element analysis software is used to establish the finite element model of machine tool parts, to simulate and simulate the actual working conditions of machine tools, and to provide guidance for future improvement and optimization. This research takes a large gantry milling machine which is being developed by Hanchuan CNC Machine tool Company as the starting point. The milling machine is a mechanical equipment developed independently in our country. After the prototype has been trial-produced successfully, it is found that the precision can not meet the design requirements. In general, the starting point of machine tool design and R & D is relatively high, but the comprehensive performance still needs to be improved. One of the main problems is that the structure of crossbeam is not reasonable and the precision of machining workpiece is not up to standard. If this problem can be solved, it will greatly improve the international competitiveness of the product. In this paper, the main modeling software Solidworks is used to parameterize the beam. The static and dynamic finite element analysis of the beam is carried out with the large-scale CAE software ANSYS Workbench. The results show that the static performance of the beam can meet the requirements, but the dynamic performance is poor. The reason is that the first order mode is easy to be excited, considering the optimization analysis of the beam, taking the first order mode and mass as the optimization target, using the Ansys Workbench Design Exploration module to carry out the multi-objective optimization based on the response surface method. The optimization results show that the first order mode of the beam is raised by 2.4 and the mass is reduced by 7.2. The multi-objective optimization of the beam improves the performance and economy of the product. Finally, the material removal from the top of the beam is analyzed by shape optimization technique, which provides a way for further analysis.
【学位授予单位】：陕西理工学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：TG542

【相似文献】