基于加工动态特征的复杂结构件切削参数优化方法

发布时间：2018-06-21 21:44

本文选题：复杂结构件 + 动力学特性　；参考：《南京航空航天大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：复杂结构件包含大量薄壁结构,加工精度要求高。切削参数是影响复杂结构件加工质量和加工效率的重要因素。复杂结构件的加工过程包含大量加工操作,会产生一系列的中间加工状态,中间加工状态的变化导致工件加工动力学特性不断发生变化。针对复杂结构件的中间加工状态进行切削参数优化是需要进行深入研究的重要问题。针对以上提出的问题,本文对基于加工动态特征的复杂结构件切削参数优化方法进行了深入研究。研究成果包括:(1)基于加工动态特征建立了复杂结构件的加工动力学模型。建立复杂结构件加工动力学模型的基础是构建复杂结构件的中间加工状态几何及建立加工过程的几何演化模型,针对加工过程中工件加工动力学特性随材料去除而不断变化的问题,建立了复杂结构件中间状态的加工动力学模型,为基于加工动态特征的切削参数优化奠定了基础。(2)提出了基于加工动态特征的复杂结构件切削参数优化方法。根据数控加工的实际情况确定了加工过程中影响切削参数的多种约束条件,并基于加工动态特征建立了切削参数的优化模型。针对加工过程中工件加工动力学特性随加工位置的不同而不断变化的问题,在建立工件中间加工状态的加工动力学模型的基础上,实现了复杂结构件中间加工状态下的切削参数优化。(3)研究了基于切削力监测数据的进给速度调整方法。针对加工过程中加工余量不同、工件材质不均匀等因素引起的加工过程的不稳定情况,研究了调整进给速度的方法。通过实验建立了加工特征的切削力监测数据文件,给定加工特征最大铣削力,并通过迭代计算调整进给速度。(4)基于以上研究开发了基于加工动态特征的复杂结构件切削参数优化系统,实验结果表明,本文的研究成果可有效提高复杂结构件的加工效率及加工过程的稳定性。
[Abstract]:Complex structural parts contain a large number of thin-walled structures, which require high machining accuracy. Cutting parameters are important factors that affect the machining quality and efficiency of complex structural parts. The machining process of complex structural parts includes a large number of machining operations, which will produce a series of intermediate processing states. The change of intermediate processing state leads to the continuous change of machining dynamic characteristics of workpieces. The optimization of cutting parameters for the intermediate machining state of complex structural parts is an important problem that needs to be deeply studied. Aiming at the above problems, the optimization method of cutting parameters for complex structural parts based on machining dynamic characteristics is studied in this paper. The research results include: (1) based on the dynamic characteristics of machining, the machining dynamics model of complex structural parts is established. The foundation of establishing the machining dynamic model of complex structural parts is to construct the geometry of the intermediate machining state of the complicated structural parts and the geometric evolution model of the machining process. In order to solve the problem that the machining dynamic characteristics of workpiece change with the material removal during the machining process, the machining dynamics model of the intermediate state of complex structural parts is established. The optimization method of cutting parameters for complex structural parts based on machining dynamic characteristics is presented. According to the actual conditions of NC machining, the constraints affecting cutting parameters are determined, and the optimization model of cutting parameters is established based on the dynamic characteristics of machining. In order to solve the problem that the dynamic characteristics of workpiece are changing with the position of machining, the dynamic model of machining state in the middle of workpiece is established. The optimization of cutting parameters under the condition of intermediate machining of complex structural parts is realized. The method of adjusting feed speed based on cutting force monitoring data is studied. Aiming at the instability of machining process caused by different machining allowance and uneven material quality of workpiece, the method of adjusting feed speed is studied. Through experiments, the cutting force monitoring data file of machining feature is established, and the maximum milling force of machining feature is given. Based on the above research, a cutting parameter optimization system for complex structural parts based on machining dynamic characteristics is developed. The experimental results show that, The research results in this paper can effectively improve the machining efficiency and process stability of complex structural parts.
【学位授予单位】：南京航空航天大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TG506

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