马氏体不锈钢的切削特性及切削参数优化研究

发布时间：2018-06-27 17:56

本文选题：马氏体不锈钢 + 铣削力　；参考：《江苏大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：马氏体不锈钢由于具有较好的耐磨性,耐腐蚀性及较高的硬度和强度而广泛应用于水利、汽车、医疗器械等领域。然而,该材料在切削加工中存在切削力大、加工硬化严重、易粘结等特点,所以成为了一种典型的难加工材料。因此,研究马氏体不锈钢的切削特性,合理的优化切削参数,对提升马氏体不锈钢的加工效率,减少加工成本有着十分重要的意义。本文以难加工材料马氏体不锈钢为研究对象,运用了实验和仿真的方法,研究了铣削过程中各切削用量对铣削力、表面粗糙度、温度、刀具寿命的影响规律,并对切削参数进行了优化。研究的主要内容及创新工作如下:(1)采用多因素多水平正交实验对铣削力进行了研究,运用极差和方差的方法分析了各切削用量对三个方向铣削力的影响规律及显著性。得到各切削用量对铣削力总体影响的主次关系。利用响应曲面法对铣削马氏体不锈钢材的表面粗糙度进行了研究,分析了单因素及多因素交互作用下各切削用量对表面粗糙度的影响规律及显著性。建立了关于表面粗糙度的数学预测模型,并以该模型为约束条件,加工最高效为优化目标,利用MATLAB软件对切削参数进行了优化,选取了一组最优的切削参数,为合理的选用切削参数提供了参考依据。(2)使用DEFORM-3D有限元仿真软件研究了铣削过程中工件及刀具的温度分布情况,分析了刀具切入切出时的温度变化规律以及各切削用量对铣削温度的影响规律。(3)采用全因素设计方法测得了不同切削用量下的刀具寿命数据,得到了不同切削速度下的刀具磨损规律,并比较了不同速度下进给量、切削深度对刀具磨损的影响程度大小关系。以利润最大化为优化目标,提出了一种新的切削参数优化指标,并通过实验和实际生产验证了该指标能够达到利润最大化的目的。
[Abstract]:Martensitic stainless steel is widely used in water conservancy, automobile, medical equipment and so on because of its good wear resistance, corrosion resistance and high hardness and strength. However, the material has the characteristics of large cutting force, serious hardening and easy bonding, so it has become a typical difficult material. Therefore, it is very important to study the cutting characteristics of martensitic stainless steel and optimize the cutting parameters reasonably to improve the processing efficiency and reduce the processing cost of martensitic stainless steel. In this paper, the effect of cutting parameters on milling force, surface roughness, temperature and tool life of martensitic stainless steel, which is difficult to be machined, is studied by means of experiment and simulation. The cutting parameters are optimized. The main contents and innovations are as follows: (1) the milling force is studied by multi-factor and multi-level orthogonal experiment, and the influence of cutting parameters on the milling force in three directions is analyzed by using the method of range and variance. The primary and secondary relationship of the total effect of cutting parameters on milling force is obtained. The surface roughness of milling martensitic stainless steel was studied by means of response surface method. The influence of cutting parameters on surface roughness was analyzed under the interaction of single factor and multiple factors. The mathematical prediction model of surface roughness is established. With this model as the constraint condition and the most efficient machining as the optimization target, the cutting parameters are optimized by MATLAB software, and a group of optimal cutting parameters are selected. It provides a reference for the reasonable selection of cutting parameters. (2) the temperature distribution of workpiece and cutter during milling is studied by using DEFORM-3D finite element simulation software. The variation law of cutting temperature and the influence of cutting parameters on milling temperature are analyzed. (3) the tool life data under different cutting parameters are measured by all-factor design method. The law of tool wear at different cutting speeds is obtained, and the influence of feed rate and cutting depth on tool wear is compared. Taking profit maximization as the optimization objective, a new cutting parameter optimization index is proposed, and it is proved by experiments and practical production that this index can achieve the goal of profit maximization.
【学位授予单位】：江苏大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TG506.71

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