基于无线传感器的电主轴在线监测系统

发布时间：2018-07-01 09:02

本文选题：无线传感器 + LabVIEW　；参考：《昆明理工大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：电主轴性能对加工中心的加工精度和稳定性有着极大的影响,而轴承是电主轴中最容易损伤的零部件之一,轴承的性能直接决定了电主轴的运行状态。对电主轴的状态进行监测,有助于电主轴可靠性的提升。与此同时,随着无线技术的迅猛发展,先进的无线传感器技术可以适应现场复杂的生产环境,最大限度地缩短现场改造周期。基于上述现状,论文对基于无线传感的电主轴在线监测系统进行了研究。本文以国产电主轴为研究对象,对电主轴轴承的故障机理进行分析,由于现场实验条件的限制,电主轴箱体不易拆卸,在轴承具体参数未知的情况下,通过故障特征频率的经验公式计算得到估算值,与实验分析结果做对比。根据谱峭度对轴承早期故障冲击成分敏感的特点,采用基于谱峭度的包络提取方法提取故障特征。选定LabVIEW为软件开发平台,提出系统的总体设计方案,对硬件的性能参数进行详细说明,选取抗干扰能力强、失帧率低的无线传感器和收发模块,在串口调试软件的辅助下,设计和完成硬件通讯模块系统的界面和功能。通过采集不同转速下的振动信号,使用时域指标、包络谱、基于谱峭度的包络谱等方法进行对比,证明谱峭度算法能够准确定位滤波中心频率和带宽,发现轴承存在早期损伤,验证了该系统能够对电主轴的状态进行监测和故障诊断。
[Abstract]:The performance of motorized spindle has a great influence on machining precision and stability of machining center. Bearing is one of the most easily damaged parts in motorized spindle. The performance of bearing directly determines the running state of motorized spindle. Monitoring the state of the motorized spindle is helpful to improve the reliability of the motorized spindle. At the same time, with the rapid development of wireless technology, the advanced wireless sensor technology can adapt to the complex production environment and shorten the transformation period. Based on the above-mentioned situation, this paper studies the on-line monitoring system of motorized spindle based on wireless sensor. In this paper, the fault mechanism of motorized spindle bearing is analyzed by taking the domestic motorized spindle as the research object. Because of the limitation of the field experiment condition, the motorized spindle box is not easy to disassemble, and the bearing parameters are unknown. The estimated values are calculated by the empirical formula of fault characteristic frequency, and compared with the experimental results. According to the sensitivity of spectral kurtosis to the bearing early fault impact component, the envelope extraction method based on spectral kurtosis is used to extract the fault feature. LabVIEW is selected as the software development platform, the overall design scheme of the system is put forward, the performance parameters of the hardware are explained in detail, the wireless sensors and transceiver modules with strong anti-interference ability and low frame loss rate are selected, and the serial port debugging software is used to assist, Design and complete the interface and function of hardware communication module system. By collecting vibration signals at different rotational speeds, using time-domain index, envelope spectrum and envelope spectrum based on spectral kurtosis, it is proved that spectral kurtosis algorithm can accurately locate the center frequency and bandwidth of filter, and find that the bearing has early damage. It is verified that the system can monitor and diagnose the state of motorized spindle.
【学位授予单位】：昆明理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TG659;TP212.9

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