45钢离子氮碳氧三元共渗及离子复合处理研究
发布时间：2018-07-15 10:57
【摘要】：45钢因其具有良好的综合力学性能而被广泛应用于生物、医药、机械、化工等众多领域中。为了进一步扩大45钢的应用范围,一般都需要进行表面热处理。离子渗氮处理作为一种应用较为广泛的化学热处理技术,具有无污染、工件变形小和质量稳定等优点,能够显著提高材料的耐磨性、硬度和耐蚀性等性能。但其不足是,生产周期较长,设备利用率不高。在此基础上发展起来的离子氮碳共渗技术,生产效率显著提高。但遗憾的是,离子氮碳共渗处理后,表面容易出现疏松现象。因此,如何克服单一离子渗氮或离子氮碳共渗的不足,有效发挥离子渗氮与离子氮碳共渗的优势,是材料领域值得深入研究的课题。基于此,本研究采用空气、N2和C3H8混合气体作为气源,对45钢进行离子氮碳氧三元共渗处理,研究分析不同空气流量对45钢离子氮碳氧多元共渗的组织与性能的影响;采用离子氮碳共渗与离子渗氮复合处理方法,研究分析离子复合处理对45钢组织与性能的影响;采用喷砂处理与离子渗氮相结合的方式,研究分析了喷砂预处理对于45钢离子渗氮组织与性能的影响。分析测试手段包括:光学显微镜、扫描电镜、X射线衍射仪、显微硬度计、电化学工作站、磨损试验机、接触角测量仪测试等。离子氮碳氧三元共渗研究结果表明,在传统离子氮碳共渗过程中添加适量空气,能显著提高渗氮效率和改善耐蚀性。在温度510 ℃、保温4 h工艺条件下,空气流量为0.3 L/min时,化合层厚度达到20.1μm,是传统离子氮碳共渗化合层厚度的2倍以上。其主要催渗机理为添加空气使表层形成了 Fe3O4氧化膜,导致表面接触角减小和自由能显著提高。同时,因表面形成的氧化膜有效阻止腐蚀介质与基体的接触,使45钢耐蚀性得到明显提高。离子氮碳共渗与离子渗氮复合处理研究结果表明,复合处理可使45钢获得比传统离子渗氮、离子氮碳共渗更快的渗速、更优的性能。在相同的处理时间下,复合处理渗层厚度比传统离子渗氮、离子氮碳共渗大幅度增加,有效硬化层比传统离子渗氮提高约1倍,同时渗层脆性显著降低。物相分析表明复合处理后渗层中的ε相和γ'相的相对含量发生了改变,即ε相的相对含量呈增加趋势,而γ'相的相对含量呈减少趋势。喷砂处理与离子渗氮复合处理研究结果表明,喷砂处理对45钢离子渗氮具有明显的催渗效果。在相同的工艺条件下,最佳的喷砂时间为15 min,喷砂与离子渗氮复合处理后化合层厚度比传统离子渗氮化合层厚度提高约76%;截面显微硬度比传统离子离子渗氮显著提高,硬度最大值提高到799 HVo.05,比传统离子渗氮的截面硬度提高约125 HVo.05;同时,相比于传统离子渗氮,喷砂与离子渗氮复合处理能够显著提高耐磨性与耐蚀性,腐蚀速率仅为传统离子渗氮腐蚀速率的1/3。
[Abstract]:45 steel is widely used in many fields such as biology, medicine, machinery and chemical industry because of its good comprehensive mechanical properties. In order to further expand the application of 45 steel, surface heat treatment is generally required. As a widely used chemical heat treatment technology, ion nitriding has the advantages of no pollution, small workpiece deformation and stable quality. It can significantly improve the wear resistance, hardness and corrosion resistance of the material. But its insufficiency is, the production cycle is longer, the equipment utilization ratio is not high. On this basis, the production efficiency of ion-nitrocarburizing technology has been improved significantly. However, unfortunately, the surface of the surface is prone to appear loose after the treatment of ion nitrogen and carbon. Therefore, how to overcome the shortcomings of single ion nitriding or ion nitrogen carbon co-infiltration, and give full play to the advantages of ion nitriding and ion nitriding is a subject worthy of further study in the field of materials. Based on this, the air N _ 2 and C _ 3H _ 8 mixture gas was used as the gas source to treat 45 steel with ion nitrogen, carbon and oxygen ternary co-infiltration, and the effect of different air flow rate on the microstructure and properties of 45 steel was studied. The effect of ion compound treatment on microstructure and properties of 45 steel was studied by using the method of ion nitriding and ion nitriding, and the method of combining sand blasting and ion nitriding was adopted to study and analyze the effect of ion compound treatment on the microstructure and properties of 45 steel. The effect of sand blast pretreatment on the microstructure and properties of 45 steel ion nitriding was studied. The analytical and testing methods include: optical microscope, scanning electron microscope X-ray diffractometer, microhardness meter, electrochemical workstation, wear tester, contact angle measuring instrument and so on. The results show that adding proper amount of air to the conventional ion nitrocarburizing process can significantly improve the nitriding efficiency and corrosion resistance. Under the conditions of 510 鈩，
本文编号：2123840
[Abstract]:45 steel is widely used in many fields such as biology, medicine, machinery and chemical industry because of its good comprehensive mechanical properties. In order to further expand the application of 45 steel, surface heat treatment is generally required. As a widely used chemical heat treatment technology, ion nitriding has the advantages of no pollution, small workpiece deformation and stable quality. It can significantly improve the wear resistance, hardness and corrosion resistance of the material. But its insufficiency is, the production cycle is longer, the equipment utilization ratio is not high. On this basis, the production efficiency of ion-nitrocarburizing technology has been improved significantly. However, unfortunately, the surface of the surface is prone to appear loose after the treatment of ion nitrogen and carbon. Therefore, how to overcome the shortcomings of single ion nitriding or ion nitrogen carbon co-infiltration, and give full play to the advantages of ion nitriding and ion nitriding is a subject worthy of further study in the field of materials. Based on this, the air N _ 2 and C _ 3H _ 8 mixture gas was used as the gas source to treat 45 steel with ion nitrogen, carbon and oxygen ternary co-infiltration, and the effect of different air flow rate on the microstructure and properties of 45 steel was studied. The effect of ion compound treatment on microstructure and properties of 45 steel was studied by using the method of ion nitriding and ion nitriding, and the method of combining sand blasting and ion nitriding was adopted to study and analyze the effect of ion compound treatment on the microstructure and properties of 45 steel. The effect of sand blast pretreatment on the microstructure and properties of 45 steel ion nitriding was studied. The analytical and testing methods include: optical microscope, scanning electron microscope X-ray diffractometer, microhardness meter, electrochemical workstation, wear tester, contact angle measuring instrument and so on. The results show that adding proper amount of air to the conventional ion nitrocarburizing process can significantly improve the nitriding efficiency and corrosion resistance. Under the conditions of 510 鈩，
本文编号：2123840
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