超高压磨料水射流非常规加工工艺研究

发布时间：2018-08-12 13:08

【摘要】：超高压磨料水射流技术是近几十年来发展起来的一项新型的冷加工技术,其应用日益广泛。随着水射流技术的发展趋势,磨料水射流非常规加工工艺逐渐变成磨料水射流研究领域的重点。基于水射流技术的发展趋势和研究现状,文中对试验设备进行了优化改进,设计了磨料水射流的对刀装置和降噪装置;通过试验,定性研究了射流压力、靶距、进给速度、冲击角度和切割次数这五个工艺参数的切割规律。结合切割规律,在T2紫铜板上进行微槽加工试验,定量分析了进给速度和切割次数对切割深度的影响,并得到拟合曲线方程。结果表明:对于特定的材料,磨料水射流有效的工艺参数的控制能够实现不同的切割深度,利用磨料水射流进行盲槽加工、铣削是完全可以实现的。文中分别分析了超高压磨料水射流技术加工通孔和盲孔的加工过程。选取塑性材料和脆性材料进行通孔加工,试验研究了其孔的形貌特征。试验结果表明:利用水射流技术加工的通孔孔内壁存在一定的锥度,锥度一般在3°左右。在盲孔的研究中,文中基于量纲分析法建立了磨料水射流的打孔的孔深预测模型,模型满足:将实验值和预测值进行了对比,对比结果表明了模型的准确性;同时表明了在盲孔的加工中,加工的盲孔也存在一定的锥度。另外,文中结合实际需求和水射流加工技术的发展方向,对超高压磨料水射流三维加工进行了初步探讨,并进行了相关实验。实验结果表明了磨料水射流三维加工的可行性。
[Abstract]:Ultra-high pressure abrasive water jet technology is a new cold processing technology developed in recent decades. With the development of water jet technology, the unconventional abrasive water jet processing technology has gradually become the focus in the field of abrasive water jet research. Based on the development trend and research status of water jet technology, this paper optimizes and improves the test equipment, designs the tool adjusting device and noise reducing device of abrasive water jet, qualitatively studies jet pressure, target distance, feed speed, and so on. Impact angle and cutting times of these five process parameters cutting law. Combined with cutting law, the microgroove machining experiments were carried out on T2 copper plate. The effects of feed speed and cutting times on cutting depth were quantitatively analyzed, and the fitting curve equation was obtained. The results show that for specific materials, the control of effective technological parameters of abrasive water jet can achieve different cutting depth, and milling can be realized completely by using abrasive water jet to process blind grooves. In this paper, the machining process of through hole and blind hole by ultra-high pressure abrasive water jet technology is analyzed respectively. Plastic materials and brittle materials were selected for through hole processing, and the pore morphology characteristics were studied experimentally. The experimental results show that there is a certain taper in the inner wall of the through hole processed by water jet technology, and the taper is generally about 3 掳. In the study of blind hole, the prediction model of hole depth of abrasive water jet is established based on dimensional analysis. The model is satisfied: the experimental value is compared with the predicted value, and the comparison results show the accuracy of the model; It also shows that there is a certain taper in the blind hole processing. In addition, combined with the actual demand and the development direction of water jet processing technology, the 3D machining of ultra-high pressure abrasive water jet is preliminarily discussed, and relevant experiments are carried out. The experimental results show the feasibility of 3D abrasive jet machining.
【学位授予单位】：中北大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：TG664

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