二轴多自由度误差同时测量方法研究
发布时间：2018-08-15 11:42
【摘要】：激光多自由度误差同时测量是目前数控机床导轨运动误差检验的重要发展趋势,如何在已经实现的单轴多自由度几何运动误差测量基础上实现对两轴以上多自由度几何运动误差的同时测量,是本领域发展过程中需解决的问题。为解决上述问题,本论文在分析了国内外相关研究的基础上,结合本课题组已有的单轴多自由度几何运动误差同时测量装置,设计了一种二轴多自由度误差同时测量方法,并且对其中重要光学器件的误差进行了分析。概括来讲,本学位论文主要的工作如下。1、采用本课题组自行研制的基于单根光纤耦合双频激光的六自由度误差同时测量系统测量了数控机床双轴直线度误差,并且对两轴直线度误差的线性拟合计算间接实现两轴的垂直度测量。实际测量数据表明,本测量系统准确性良好,与商用测量仪对比偏差在1”以内。2、结合光线矢量追迹与MATLAB编程建立相应的误差模型,分析了五角棱镜的安装定位偏差在垂直度测量过程中的影响。结合MATLAB编程、光线传播定律以及解析几何相应原理,对双角锥棱镜构成的移动靶镜建立了数字模型,利用迭代方法对其定位误差进行了分析,并且给出了相应的曲线。3、本文首次使用了结合解析几何以及光线传播定律的方法,编写了角锥棱镜中准直激光的运动轨迹方程。该方法适用于棱镜定位偏差引起的光线漂移的分析,具有应用性强,精确度高,灵活,易懂的优点。
[Abstract]:The simultaneous measurement of laser multi-degree-of-freedom error is an important developing trend in the error test of guide rail motion of CNC machine tools. How to measure the geometric motion error of more than two axes and more than one degree of freedom at the same time on the basis of the measurement of geometric motion error of single axis and multiple degrees of freedom is a problem to be solved in the development of this field. In order to solve the above problems, based on the analysis of related research at home and abroad, this paper designs a method of simultaneous measurement of two-axis multi-degree-of-freedom (MDOF) error combined with the existing single-axis and multi-degree-of-freedom geometric motion error measurement device. The errors of important optical devices are analyzed. To sum up, the main work of this dissertation is as follows: 1. The error of biaxial straightness of NC machine tools is measured by using the six degrees of freedom error measurement system based on single fiber coupled dual-frequency laser developed by our group. And the linear fitting calculation of the two-axis straightness error can indirectly realize the vertical measurement of the two-axis. The actual measurement data show that the accuracy of the measuring system is good, and the deviation from the commercial measuring instrument is less than 1 ".2. combining the ray vector tracing and MATLAB programming, the corresponding error model is established. The influence of positioning deviation of pentagonal prism on the measurement of perpendicularity is analyzed. Combined with MATLAB programming, the law of ray propagation and the corresponding principle of analytic geometry, the digital model of the moving target mirror composed of biangular cone prism is established, and its positioning error is analyzed by iterative method. The corresponding curve. 3 is given. The method of combining analytic geometry and the law of light propagation is used for the first time to compile the trajectory equation of collimating laser in the corner cone prism. This method is suitable for the analysis of ray drift caused by prism positioning deviation, and has the advantages of strong application, high accuracy, flexibility and easy to understand.
【学位授予单位】：北京交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TG659
本文编号：2184092
[Abstract]:The simultaneous measurement of laser multi-degree-of-freedom error is an important developing trend in the error test of guide rail motion of CNC machine tools. How to measure the geometric motion error of more than two axes and more than one degree of freedom at the same time on the basis of the measurement of geometric motion error of single axis and multiple degrees of freedom is a problem to be solved in the development of this field. In order to solve the above problems, based on the analysis of related research at home and abroad, this paper designs a method of simultaneous measurement of two-axis multi-degree-of-freedom (MDOF) error combined with the existing single-axis and multi-degree-of-freedom geometric motion error measurement device. The errors of important optical devices are analyzed. To sum up, the main work of this dissertation is as follows: 1. The error of biaxial straightness of NC machine tools is measured by using the six degrees of freedom error measurement system based on single fiber coupled dual-frequency laser developed by our group. And the linear fitting calculation of the two-axis straightness error can indirectly realize the vertical measurement of the two-axis. The actual measurement data show that the accuracy of the measuring system is good, and the deviation from the commercial measuring instrument is less than 1 ".2. combining the ray vector tracing and MATLAB programming, the corresponding error model is established. The influence of positioning deviation of pentagonal prism on the measurement of perpendicularity is analyzed. Combined with MATLAB programming, the law of ray propagation and the corresponding principle of analytic geometry, the digital model of the moving target mirror composed of biangular cone prism is established, and its positioning error is analyzed by iterative method. The corresponding curve. 3 is given. The method of combining analytic geometry and the law of light propagation is used for the first time to compile the trajectory equation of collimating laser in the corner cone prism. This method is suitable for the analysis of ray drift caused by prism positioning deviation, and has the advantages of strong application, high accuracy, flexibility and easy to understand.
【学位授予单位】：北京交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TG659
【相似文献】
相关硕士学位论文 前2条
1 李娟;基于五角棱镜的滚转角误差测量方法研究[D];北京交通大学;2012年
2 郑键;TST现场双光路激光准直测量系统的研究[D];天津大学;2007年
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