汽车发动机缸体用ADC12高强韧铝合金组织与性能研究
发布时间：2018-08-28 10:21
【摘要】：随着汽车工业的蓬勃发展,汽车产业正朝着轻量化、高速、舒适、节能、低排放的方向高速前进,越来越多的汽车采用高性能的铝合金替代钢、铁等传统材料,特别是在制造汽车发动机缸体、缸盖等零部件方面。铸造铝硅合金由于其具有良好的综合力学性能、成型加工性能等,成为铝合金中使用较广泛的一种合金系,然而普通铸造铝硅合金的力学性能较低,提高铝硅合金的力学性能就成为迫切需要解决的问题。本文就是针对铸造铝硅合金系中的ADC12铝合金,通过对其进行合金化、熔体处理及热处理研究,以达到改善ADC12铝合金的显微组织,提高其综合力学性能的目的。本课题根据铝合金材料的强韧化原理,以ADC12合金的成分范围为研究基础,通过采用单项及正交实验法对合金化元素进行成分优化设计,获取合金的最佳成分配比为:11Si,2.5Cu,0.3Mg,0.5Mn,0.5Ni;同时对优化后的合金进行熔体处理工艺研究,研究表明,优化后的ADC12合金经0.06%Sr的变质处理、0.15%Ti的细化处理后,合金的显微组织发生显著的改善,呈块状及枝状的硅相变成规整的纤维状或颗粒状,块状的α(Al)相变成均匀的短杆状,有力地提高了合金的力学性能,铸态下其力学性能可达到:σ=254Mpa,δ=5.8%。本文还研究了不同的热处理工艺对ADC12铝合金组织与力学性能的影响,研究结果表明,其最佳的热处理工艺参数为:510℃×7h+160℃×8h。优化后的ADC12合金经此热处理工艺后,合金的显微组织变的十分均匀,晶粒变得非常细小、圆整,拉伸断口几乎呈细小的等轴韧窝形貌,此时的合金力学性能高达:σ=385Mpa,δ=8.2%。
[Abstract]:With the vigorous development of automobile industry, automobile industry is moving towards the direction of lightweight, high speed, comfort, energy saving and low emission. More and more cars adopt high performance aluminum alloy instead of steel, iron and other traditional materials. Especially in the manufacture of automobile engine cylinder block, cylinder head and other parts. The cast Al-Si alloy has become a kind of widely used alloy system because of its good comprehensive mechanical properties and processing properties, but the mechanical properties of the common cast Al-Si alloy are relatively low. It is an urgent problem to improve the mechanical properties of Al-Si alloy. In this paper, the microstructure of ADC12 aluminum alloy and the comprehensive mechanical properties of ADC12 aluminum alloy are improved by alloying, melt treatment and heat treatment. Based on the principle of strengthening and toughening of aluminum alloy and the composition range of ADC12 alloy, the composition optimization design of alloying elements is carried out by single and orthogonal experiment. The optimum composition ratio of the obtained alloy is: 1 / 11Si-2.5CuP0. 3Mg0. 5Mn0. 5Ni. at the same time, the melt treatment process of the optimized ADC12 alloy is studied. The results show that the microstructure of the optimized ADC12 alloy has been significantly improved after the modification of 0.06%Sr with 0.15Ti. The bulk and dendritic silicon phase becomes regular fibrous or granular, and the block 伪 (Al) phase becomes a uniform short rod, which increases the mechanical properties of the alloy by force. The mechanical properties of the as-cast alloy can be achieved as follows: 蟽 (254MPA), 未 (5.8cm). The effect of different heat treatment processes on the microstructure and mechanical properties of ADC12 aluminum alloy was also studied. The results showed that the optimum heat treatment process parameters were: 1: 510 鈩，
本文编号：2209103
[Abstract]:With the vigorous development of automobile industry, automobile industry is moving towards the direction of lightweight, high speed, comfort, energy saving and low emission. More and more cars adopt high performance aluminum alloy instead of steel, iron and other traditional materials. Especially in the manufacture of automobile engine cylinder block, cylinder head and other parts. The cast Al-Si alloy has become a kind of widely used alloy system because of its good comprehensive mechanical properties and processing properties, but the mechanical properties of the common cast Al-Si alloy are relatively low. It is an urgent problem to improve the mechanical properties of Al-Si alloy. In this paper, the microstructure of ADC12 aluminum alloy and the comprehensive mechanical properties of ADC12 aluminum alloy are improved by alloying, melt treatment and heat treatment. Based on the principle of strengthening and toughening of aluminum alloy and the composition range of ADC12 alloy, the composition optimization design of alloying elements is carried out by single and orthogonal experiment. The optimum composition ratio of the obtained alloy is: 1 / 11Si-2.5CuP0. 3Mg0. 5Mn0. 5Ni. at the same time, the melt treatment process of the optimized ADC12 alloy is studied. The results show that the microstructure of the optimized ADC12 alloy has been significantly improved after the modification of 0.06%Sr with 0.15Ti. The bulk and dendritic silicon phase becomes regular fibrous or granular, and the block 伪 (Al) phase becomes a uniform short rod, which increases the mechanical properties of the alloy by force. The mechanical properties of the as-cast alloy can be achieved as follows: 蟽 (254MPA), 未 (5.8cm). The effect of different heat treatment processes on the microstructure and mechanical properties of ADC12 aluminum alloy was also studied. The results showed that the optimum heat treatment process parameters were: 1: 510 鈩，
本文编号：2209103
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