钻刃刀尖轴向偏摆力学模型建立及有限元仿真
发布时间：2018-09-04 20:53
【摘要】：钻削加工过程中,机床振动会导致钻尖在接触工件瞬间偏离主轴中心,从而引发钻刃刀尖在轴向发生偏摆现象。该现象会加剧钻头磨损,影响孔加工质量,严重时甚至会出现喇叭孔。针对该现象,本文基于MATLAB建立钻刃刀尖轴向偏摆力学模型,通过DEFORM有限元软件对钻刃刀尖轴向偏摆运动过程进行仿真,同时结合钻刃刀尖轴向偏摆力学实验,开展不同偏摆角度对钻削加工影响的研究。本文主要研究内容如下:(1)钻刃刀尖轴向偏摆力学模型的建立。基于切削加工中切屑形成过程及切削温度变化情况,建立直角及斜角切削力学模型;基于麻花钻钻削原理分析钻刃刀尖轴向偏摆发生时的受力情况,从斜角切削推导出钻削力学模型,结合MATLAB分析不同加工参数对钻削力影响规律。(2)钻刃刀尖轴向偏摆的有限元仿真分析。建立钻削加工过程有限元模型,利用DEFORM有限元仿真分析软件对钻刃刀尖不同角度的轴向偏摆进行模拟,对比分析钻刃刀尖不同角度时的钻头温度场、钻头应力应变场、切屑温度场、切屑形态等仿真结果,为后续进行钻刃刀尖轴向偏摆实验提供指导。(3)钻刃刀尖轴向偏摆实验验证。针对不同的轴向偏摆角度建立钻刃刀尖轴向偏摆实验平台,通过实验测量钻头温度、钻削力及扭矩并与仿真数据进行对比分析验证;同时测量切屑长短、孔的钻入钻出端直径差以及孔表面粗糙度,分析钻刃刀尖在轴向的偏摆对切屑以及孔的影响。理论分析与实验结果表明,采用上述研究方法,本文建立了钻刃刀尖轴向偏摆力学模型,仿真与实验结果真实预测了钻刃刀尖轴向偏摆时钻头及切屑的物理状态,得到了钻刃刀尖轴向偏摆不同角度对钻削加工的影响规律,为深入研究钻刃刀尖轴向偏摆现象提供新的方法。在揭示钻削过程的本质,制定合理的切削加工工艺,提高孔加工表面质量,降低钻头磨损提高钻头寿命等方面具有重要意义。
[Abstract]:During the drilling process, the vibration of the machine tool will cause the drill tip to deviate from the center of the spindle at the moment of contact with the workpiece, thus causing the tip of the drill edge to deflect in the axial direction. This phenomenon will aggravate bit wear, affect hole processing quality, and even appear horn holes when serious. Aiming at this phenomenon, based on MATLAB, this paper establishes a mechanical model of axial deflection of drill blade tip, simulates the movement process of edge axial deflection of drill edge by DEFORM finite element software, and combines with the mechanical experiment of drill blade tip axial deflection. The influence of different deflection angles on drilling machining was studied. The main contents of this paper are as follows: (1) the establishment of the axial deflection model of the drill blade tip. Based on the process of chip formation and the change of cutting temperature in cutting process, a right-angle and diagonal cutting force model is established, and the stress on the axial deflection of the cutting edge is analyzed based on the principle of twist drilling. The drilling mechanics model is derived from oblique angle cutting, and the influence of different machining parameters on drilling force is analyzed by MATLAB. (2) the finite element simulation analysis of the axial deflection of the cutting edge. The finite element model of drilling process is established, and the axial deflection at different angles of cutting edge is simulated by using DEFORM software. The temperature field and stress strain field of drill bit at different angles of drill edge are compared and analyzed. The simulation results of chip temperature field and chip shape provide guidance for the following experiments. (3) the experimental verification of the tip axial deflection of the drill edge. Aiming at different axial deflection angles, an experimental platform is set up to measure bit temperature, drilling force and torque, and to compare with simulation data, and to measure chip length at the same time. The diameter difference and surface roughness of the hole are analyzed. The influence of the tip of the drill edge on the chip and the hole is analyzed. The theoretical analysis and experimental results show that the mechanical model of the axial deflection of the cutting edge is established by using the above research method, and the physical state of the bit and chip during the axial deflection of the drill edge is predicted by the simulation and experimental results. The influence of different angles on drilling machining is obtained, which provides a new method for the further study of the axial deflection of drill edge. It is of great significance to reveal the essence of drilling process, to formulate reasonable cutting technology, to improve the surface quality of hole machining, and to reduce bit wear and increase bit life.
【学位授予单位】：湘潭大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TG52
本文编号：2223297
[Abstract]:During the drilling process, the vibration of the machine tool will cause the drill tip to deviate from the center of the spindle at the moment of contact with the workpiece, thus causing the tip of the drill edge to deflect in the axial direction. This phenomenon will aggravate bit wear, affect hole processing quality, and even appear horn holes when serious. Aiming at this phenomenon, based on MATLAB, this paper establishes a mechanical model of axial deflection of drill blade tip, simulates the movement process of edge axial deflection of drill edge by DEFORM finite element software, and combines with the mechanical experiment of drill blade tip axial deflection. The influence of different deflection angles on drilling machining was studied. The main contents of this paper are as follows: (1) the establishment of the axial deflection model of the drill blade tip. Based on the process of chip formation and the change of cutting temperature in cutting process, a right-angle and diagonal cutting force model is established, and the stress on the axial deflection of the cutting edge is analyzed based on the principle of twist drilling. The drilling mechanics model is derived from oblique angle cutting, and the influence of different machining parameters on drilling force is analyzed by MATLAB. (2) the finite element simulation analysis of the axial deflection of the cutting edge. The finite element model of drilling process is established, and the axial deflection at different angles of cutting edge is simulated by using DEFORM software. The temperature field and stress strain field of drill bit at different angles of drill edge are compared and analyzed. The simulation results of chip temperature field and chip shape provide guidance for the following experiments. (3) the experimental verification of the tip axial deflection of the drill edge. Aiming at different axial deflection angles, an experimental platform is set up to measure bit temperature, drilling force and torque, and to compare with simulation data, and to measure chip length at the same time. The diameter difference and surface roughness of the hole are analyzed. The influence of the tip of the drill edge on the chip and the hole is analyzed. The theoretical analysis and experimental results show that the mechanical model of the axial deflection of the cutting edge is established by using the above research method, and the physical state of the bit and chip during the axial deflection of the drill edge is predicted by the simulation and experimental results. The influence of different angles on drilling machining is obtained, which provides a new method for the further study of the axial deflection of drill edge. It is of great significance to reveal the essence of drilling process, to formulate reasonable cutting technology, to improve the surface quality of hole machining, and to reduce bit wear and increase bit life.
【学位授予单位】：湘潭大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TG52
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