奥—贝球墨铸铁高速铣削的实验分析与研究
发布时间：2018-09-10 12:08
【摘要】：奥-贝球墨铸铁是近几十年来迅速发展的新型球铁材料,因其优良的综合力学性能、性价比高等优异特点开始被人们广泛关注。在球铁的制备和热处理工艺日益成熟的今天,奥-贝球墨铸铁通过等温淬火热处理工艺提高性能的同时,也极大增强了切削加工难度,与钛合金、淬硬钢、超高强度钢等一起成为典型的难加工材料。对于典型难加工材料(包括钛合金、淬硬钢、镍基高温合金及超高强度钢等),由于广泛应用于航空、航天等高端设备领域,而使得其切削加工性能的研究大量且深入。而奥-贝球墨铸铁多应用于民用工业,对其切削性能的研究甚少,现在可参阅的文献中涉及到切削加工性能的不多。为使奥-贝球墨铸铁在工业应用中不再受到由于其加工问题的限制,我们急需对其切削加工性能进行系统全面的研究。为此,本文在深入分析奥-贝球墨铸铁材料力学性能的基础上,结合高速切削理论,对奥-贝球墨铸铁的切削削性能展开深入的分析和实验研究,具体研究内容如下:1)对奥-贝球墨铸铁的力学性能及切削加工特点进行分析,根据其切削加工特性选取高速铣削的实验方法,并简要介绍高速切削加工技术及高速切削切屑成形机理的研究现状。2)探讨奥-贝球墨铸铁锯齿形切屑形成机理与切削速度之间的关系:进行奥-贝球墨铸铁的切屑形成机理关于切削速度的单因素实验,分析切屑形成的整体形状,观察切削自由表面、底面形貌特征,利用理论与实验的方法探究其切屑的形成机理。3)以各切削参数单因素实验为依据,研究奥-贝球墨铸铁在高速铣削下铣削力与主轴转速、进给量、切削宽度之间的关系。基于正交实验的结果,利用多元线性回归的方法求出铣削力的经验指数预测模型,为奥-贝球墨铸铁的加工工艺制定参考依据。4)研究奥-贝球墨铸铁在高速铣削下的表面质量与切削参数之间的关系,采用单因素实验与正交实验结合,开展对奥-贝球墨铸铁高速铣削中表面质量的研究,单因素实验研究主轴转速、进给量、切削宽度对表面质量的影响趋势,正交实验在单因素实验的分析基础下选取参数进一步详细分析各切削用量对结果的影响,建立高速铣削奥-贝球墨铸铁表面粗糙度的数学经验预测模型。并以建立的表面粗糙度数学模型为约束,以材料去除率为优化目标,采用遗传算法对铣削用量进行优化。
[Abstract]:Austempered ductile iron is a new type of ductile iron material developed rapidly in recent decades. Due to its excellent comprehensive mechanical properties and high performance-to-price ratio, it has been paid more and more attention. With the increasing maturity of the preparation and heat treatment of ductile iron, the austenitic ductile cast iron improves its properties by isothermal quenching and heat treatment, at the same time, it also greatly increases the cutting difficulty, which is similar to titanium alloy and hardened steel. Ultra-high strength steel and so on together become the typical difficult-to-process material. For typical refractory materials, such as titanium alloy, hardened steel, nickel-based superalloy and ultra-high strength steel, their cutting and processing properties have been studied extensively due to their wide application in aviation, aerospace and other high-end equipment fields. However, Austempered ductile iron is widely used in civil industry, but its cutting performance is seldom studied. In order to make Austempered ductile iron no longer be restricted by its machining problems in industrial application, we urgently need to make a systematic and comprehensive study on its cutting and processing properties. Therefore, on the basis of deep analysis of mechanical properties of Austempered ductile iron, combined with the theory of high speed cutting, the cutting performance of Austenite ductile iron is analyzed and experimentally studied in this paper. The specific research contents are as follows: (1) the mechanical properties and cutting characteristics of Austempered ductile iron are analyzed, and the experimental method of high-speed milling is selected according to the cutting characteristics. The research status of high speed cutting technology and chip forming mechanism in high speed cutting is briefly introduced. 2) the relationship between sawtooth chip formation mechanism and cutting speed of Austempered ductile iron is discussed. Single factor experiment on chip formation mechanism on cutting speed, Analyzing the whole shape of chip formation, observing the shape of cutting free surface and bottom surface, exploring the formation mechanism of chip by theoretical and experimental methods) based on the single factor experiment of each cutting parameter. The relationship between milling force, spindle speed, feed rate and cutting width of Austempered nodular cast iron in high speed milling was studied. Based on the results of orthogonal experiments, the empirical exponential prediction model of milling force is obtained by using multivariate linear regression method. The relationship between the surface quality and cutting parameters of Austempered nodular cast iron under high speed milling is studied. The single factor experiment and orthogonal experiment are used to study the relationship between the surface quality and cutting parameters of Austempered ductile iron. The research on surface quality of Austenite ductile iron in high speed milling is carried out, and the influence of spindle speed, feed rate and cutting width on surface quality is studied by single factor experiment. Based on the analysis of single factor experiment, the influence of cutting parameters on the results was analyzed in detail, and the mathematical empirical prediction model of surface roughness of high speed milling austenitic ductile iron was established. Taking the established mathematical model of surface roughness as the constraint and the material removal rate as the optimization objective, genetic algorithm is used to optimize the milling amount.
【学位授予单位】：湖南科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：TG54
本文编号：2234401
[Abstract]:Austempered ductile iron is a new type of ductile iron material developed rapidly in recent decades. Due to its excellent comprehensive mechanical properties and high performance-to-price ratio, it has been paid more and more attention. With the increasing maturity of the preparation and heat treatment of ductile iron, the austenitic ductile cast iron improves its properties by isothermal quenching and heat treatment, at the same time, it also greatly increases the cutting difficulty, which is similar to titanium alloy and hardened steel. Ultra-high strength steel and so on together become the typical difficult-to-process material. For typical refractory materials, such as titanium alloy, hardened steel, nickel-based superalloy and ultra-high strength steel, their cutting and processing properties have been studied extensively due to their wide application in aviation, aerospace and other high-end equipment fields. However, Austempered ductile iron is widely used in civil industry, but its cutting performance is seldom studied. In order to make Austempered ductile iron no longer be restricted by its machining problems in industrial application, we urgently need to make a systematic and comprehensive study on its cutting and processing properties. Therefore, on the basis of deep analysis of mechanical properties of Austempered ductile iron, combined with the theory of high speed cutting, the cutting performance of Austenite ductile iron is analyzed and experimentally studied in this paper. The specific research contents are as follows: (1) the mechanical properties and cutting characteristics of Austempered ductile iron are analyzed, and the experimental method of high-speed milling is selected according to the cutting characteristics. The research status of high speed cutting technology and chip forming mechanism in high speed cutting is briefly introduced. 2) the relationship between sawtooth chip formation mechanism and cutting speed of Austempered ductile iron is discussed. Single factor experiment on chip formation mechanism on cutting speed, Analyzing the whole shape of chip formation, observing the shape of cutting free surface and bottom surface, exploring the formation mechanism of chip by theoretical and experimental methods) based on the single factor experiment of each cutting parameter. The relationship between milling force, spindle speed, feed rate and cutting width of Austempered nodular cast iron in high speed milling was studied. Based on the results of orthogonal experiments, the empirical exponential prediction model of milling force is obtained by using multivariate linear regression method. The relationship between the surface quality and cutting parameters of Austempered nodular cast iron under high speed milling is studied. The single factor experiment and orthogonal experiment are used to study the relationship between the surface quality and cutting parameters of Austempered ductile iron. The research on surface quality of Austenite ductile iron in high speed milling is carried out, and the influence of spindle speed, feed rate and cutting width on surface quality is studied by single factor experiment. Based on the analysis of single factor experiment, the influence of cutting parameters on the results was analyzed in detail, and the mathematical empirical prediction model of surface roughness of high speed milling austenitic ductile iron was established. Taking the established mathematical model of surface roughness as the constraint and the material removal rate as the optimization objective, genetic algorithm is used to optimize the milling amount.
【学位授予单位】：湖南科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：TG54
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