锥螺纹在机测量技术研究及系统开发

发布时间：2018-10-18 08:36

【摘要】：目前,管锥螺纹修复加工过程中的对刀检测方式主要以人工手动检测为主,该方式不但检测效率低,且精度也难以保证。本文针对螺纹对刀检测中存在的难题,提出了一种基于霍尔传感器的非接触式在机测量方法,并设计了配套的测量系统,对比以往的测量方法,上述方法具有效率高、成本低、抗干扰能力强等优点,为实现螺纹自动化修复奠定了基础。首先,在对螺纹修复对刀原理和霍尔传感器测量原理进行深入研究的基础上,分析了霍尔传感器测量螺纹的原理,并论证了将霍尔旋转位置传感芯片应用于管锥螺纹测量的可行性。之后,根据螺纹实际测量要求,确定了本测量系统的系统方案,完成了单片机的选型及其硬件电路的设计,并根据系统的控制要求,完成了通信系统的程序设计,实现了传感器测量数据的采集与存储。其次,在数控管螺纹修复车床的基础上,搭建了管锥螺纹在机测量实验平台,通过对比实验分析了测量速度、测量方向、测量距离、永磁体的形状和位置等因素对测量数据的影响,最终根据数据的优劣程度,确定了本实验平台的最优测量条件。最后,通过分析现有的数据处理方法,结合螺纹截面廓型测量数据特征,提出了基于窗口数据均值偏差的自适应平滑算法去除噪声干扰,再根据平滑后数据的线性分布规律确定局部拟合窗口宽度,并利用最小二乘法对窗口数据局部拟合、求取螺纹特征点参数。将上述算法编入单片机中进行联机调试,通过调试结果与实际计算结果的对比分析,验证了算法程序的正确性,确定了系统的测量精度。本研究旨在通过在机测量螺纹轴截面廓型,实现螺纹的自动化加工和修复过程,提高螺纹修复加工效率、降低工人劳动强度,使数控螺纹修复车床能够承担更多的螺纹加工和修复任务。
[Abstract]:At present, manual inspection is the main method of tool checking in the process of repairing pipe taper thread, which is not only low efficiency, but also difficult to ensure precision. In this paper, a non-contact in-machine measuring method based on Hall sensor is put forward, and the matching measurement system is designed. The method has high efficiency and low cost compared with the previous measurement methods. Strong anti-interference ability and other advantages, for the realization of automatic thread repair laid the foundation. First of all, on the basis of deep research on the principle of thread repair tool and the measuring principle of Hall sensor, the principle of measuring thread with Hall sensor is analyzed. The feasibility of applying Hall rotating position sensor chip to the measurement of tube taper thread is demonstrated. After that, according to the requirement of thread measurement, the system scheme of the measurement system is determined, and the selection of single chip microcomputer and the design of hardware circuit are completed. According to the control requirements of the system, the program design of the communication system is completed. The acquisition and storage of sensor measurement data are realized. Secondly, on the basis of the repairing lathe of multi-control pipe thread, an experimental platform for measuring pipe taper thread in machine is built, and the measuring speed, direction and distance are analyzed through comparative experiments. The influence of the shape and position of the permanent magnet on the measured data is discussed. Finally, the optimal measurement conditions of the experimental platform are determined according to the quality of the data. Finally, an adaptive smoothing algorithm based on the mean deviation of window data is proposed to remove noise by analyzing the existing data processing methods and combining with the characteristics of the measured data of thread cross-section profile. According to the linear distribution of the smooth data, the width of the local fitting window is determined, and the local fitting of the window data is made by using the least square method, and the parameters of the thread feature point are obtained. The algorithm is programmed to the single-chip microcomputer for on-line debugging. The correctness of the algorithm program is verified by comparing the debugging results with the actual calculation results, and the measuring accuracy of the system is determined. The purpose of this study is to realize the automatic machining and repairing process of thread, improve the efficiency of thread repair and reduce the labor intensity of workers by measuring the section profile of thread shaft in the machine. CNC thread repair lathe can undertake more thread processing and repair tasks.
【学位授予单位】：沈阳工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TG85

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