超声波辅助滚压机理及试验研究

发布时间：2018-10-21 08:55

【摘要】：简要介绍当前超声波技术在机械加工领域的发展和用途,着重探讨了超声波滚压技术的发展历程,提出了当前在超声波辅助滚压加工中存在的些许问题,对接下来的研究提供了一定的基础。通过材料力学、理论力学和接触力学的理论,借助赫兹弹塑性接触理论的研究成果,结合超声波辅助滚压的工作机理,对超声波辅助滚压系统做了简单的解析。探讨了作为球体的滚压工具头与看作是平面的被加工工件在发生弹性变形、塑性变形和两者混杂情况下的接触面积。尝试通过数学的方式来解析加工过程中弹性变形到塑性变形的转换过程。重点介绍超声波辅助滚压加工的试验设备结构。将整个超声波辅助滚压加工系统试验操作步骤连同需要配合的设备和材料做了详细的介绍。提出为了要验证超声波辅助滚压加工的优越性,应当对比超声波滚压和普通滚压对被加工工件的属性改良。通过对机床进给量、机床转速、预紧作用力和超声波的振幅四个不同的加工参数对最终的工艺效果的影响提供了较为丰富的第一手信息。重点介绍在机械加工中常常遭遇到的各种振动形式,并对自激振动即颤振的特点做了特别说明。研究了超声波辅助滚压加工过程中颤振的发生和发展的过程,从振动能量输入的角度分析了工艺系统发生再生型颤振的原因,建立了工艺系统振动模型并得到了解析解。在理论和实验的研究基础上,阐明了抑制颤振的方法和途径,为超声辅助滚压系统的表面加工质量和工艺水平优化提供可靠指导。最后通过目前较为常用的有限元模拟技术对超声波辅助滚压加工的受力状态及应力区域做了简单的模拟,通过有限元云图直观的表述超声波辅助滚压加工中的应力状态,为以后对超声波辅助滚压加工装置的改良提供思路。
[Abstract]:This paper briefly introduces the development and application of ultrasonic technology in the field of mechanical processing, emphatically discusses the development course of ultrasonic rolling technology, and puts forward some problems existing in ultrasonic assisted rolling machining. It provides a basis for the following research. Through the theories of material mechanics, theoretical mechanics and contact mechanics, with the help of the research results of Hertz's elastic-plastic contact theory and the working mechanism of ultrasonic assisted rolling, the ultrasonic assisted rolling system is simply analyzed. This paper discusses the contact area between the rolling tool head as a ball and the workpiece which is regarded as a plane under the condition of elastic deformation plastic deformation and the mixing of the two. This paper attempts to analyze the transformation from elastic deformation to plastic deformation in the process of machining by means of mathematics. The structure of test equipment for ultrasonic assisted rolling machining is introduced emphatically. The operation steps of the whole ultrasonic assisted rolling processing system are introduced in detail along with the equipment and materials needed to be matched. In order to verify the superiority of ultrasonic assisted rolling machining, it is suggested that the properties of workpiece processed by ultrasonic rolling and ordinary rolling should be improved. The effects of four different machining parameters, such as feed, rotational speed, pretension force and amplitude of ultrasonic wave, on the final process effect are provided. This paper mainly introduces various kinds of vibration forms which are often encountered in machining, and gives a special explanation of the characteristics of self-excited vibration, that is, flutter. The occurrence and development of flutter in ultrasonic assisted rolling machining are studied. The causes of regenerative flutter in process system are analyzed from the point of view of vibration energy input. The vibration model of process system is established and the analytical solution is obtained. On the basis of theoretical and experimental studies, the methods and approaches of flutter suppression are expounded, which provide reliable guidance for the optimization of surface machining quality and technological level of ultrasonic assisted rolling system. Finally, the stress state and stress region of ultrasonic assisted rolling machining are simulated simply by the finite element simulation technology, and the stress state of ultrasonic assisted rolling machining is described intuitively by finite element cloud diagram. It provides ideas for the improvement of ultrasonic assisted rolling processing device in the future.
【学位授予单位】：青岛科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TG663;TG306

【参考文献】