基于DCPD和PEC的金属材料缝状缺陷无损检测方法研究
发布时间：2018-10-24 08:43
【摘要】：大型金属装备由于工作环境恶劣而产生裂纹常导致安全事故,因此对其关键部件实施结构健康评估具有重大意义。但目前的研究还存在以下问题:针对缺陷检测的研究集中于单缺陷检测,而对更符合工程实际的多缺陷全局金属材料缺乏关注;单一的无损检测方式由于其特征信号单一,不能对大型金属构件实行全局健康状态的定量检测。缝状缺陷是处于人工缺陷和自然裂纹之间的一个过渡研究形式,因此本文以金属构件中多缝状缺陷为研究对象,对金属构件中多缝状缺陷的定量无损自动化检测方法进行研究。无损检测技术是结构健康监测的有效手段之一,电势降技术由于其能量分布于被测试件全局部位,较易实现对金属材料全局缺陷定位检测;脉冲涡流技术由于其频谱丰富,响应速度快,对缺陷定量检测具有独特优势;电势降法与涡流法同属无损检测中的电磁无损检测方法,容易实现自动化集成。因此,本论文基于电势降技术和脉冲涡流检测技术,在以下几个方面展开研究:(1)电势降缺陷位置识别研究。建立了直流电势降和交流电势降的有限元仿真模型,并分析缺陷尺寸、位置、测点数等因素对电势降输出信号的影响,为确定实验方案提供参考;搭建电势降检测实验平台,并基于数字电导率仪提高实验精度,与仿真结果相互验证,最终提出了基于电势降技术的金属材料全局缺陷定位检测方法。(2)脉冲涡流定量无损检测方法研究。一方面建立了含有缝状缺陷的脉冲涡流检测系统的数值计算模型,并从分网、边界条件设置等方面优化模型;另一方面搭建脉冲涡流检测缝状缺陷实验平台并评估其检测能力。从仿真和实验角度,提出脉冲涡流检测中电磁信号与缝状缺陷深度尺寸的关系模型,基于此提出缝状缺陷的定量无损检测方法。(3)电势降与脉冲涡流技术集成方法研究。基于VB语言设计了电势降子系统与脉冲涡流子系统接口,并编写相应的运动控制程序,从而完成电势降-脉冲涡流集成无损检测系统;基于该系统对7075铝合金材料缝状缺陷实施定位定量检测,并分析其误差原因,提出减小误差的解决方案。
[Abstract]:The cracks of large metal equipment often lead to safety accidents due to the bad working environment, so it is of great significance to carry out structural health assessment for its key components. However, the current research still has the following problems: the research on defect detection is focused on the single defect detection, but it lacks attention to the multi-defect global metal material which is more in line with the engineering reality, and the single nondestructive testing method is single because of its characteristic signal. Large metal components cannot be tested quantitatively for global health status. Seam defect is a transitional research form between artificial defect and natural crack, so the quantitative and automatic nondestructive testing method of multi-slot defect in metal component is studied in this paper. Non-destructive testing (NDT) is one of the effective methods for structural health monitoring. Due to its energy distribution in the whole part of the tested parts, it is easy to detect the global defects of metal materials, and the pulsed eddy current technology is rich in frequency spectrum. The electric potential drop method and eddy current method belong to the electromagnetic nondestructive testing method which is easy to realize automation integration. Therefore, based on the potential drop technology and the pulse eddy current detection technology, this paper studies the following aspects: (1) potential drop defect location identification. The finite element simulation model of DC potential drop and AC potential drop is established, and the influence of defect size, position and measuring number on the output signal of potential drop is analyzed. Finally, based on the digital conductivity meter to improve the experimental accuracy and verify the simulation results, a global defect location detection method for metal materials based on the potential drop technique is proposed. (2) the pulsed eddy current quantitative nondestructive testing method is studied. On the one hand, the numerical calculation model of pulsed eddy current detection system with slit defects is established, and the model is optimized from the aspects of network separation, boundary condition setting, etc. On the other hand, the experimental platform of pulse eddy current detection of slit defects is built and its detection ability is evaluated. From the point of view of simulation and experiment, the relationship model between electromagnetic signal and depth size of slit defect in pulsed eddy current testing is proposed. Based on this model, a quantitative nondestructive testing method for slit defects is proposed. (3) the integration method of potential drop and pulse eddy current technology is studied. The interface between the potential drop subsystem and the pulse eddy current subsystem is designed based on VB language, and the corresponding motion control program is written to complete the integrated non-destructive testing system of the potential drop and pulse eddy current. Based on the system, the location and quantitative detection of 7075 aluminum alloy slit defects is carried out, and the cause of error is analyzed, and the solution to reduce the error is put forward.
【学位授予单位】：电子科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TG115.28
本文编号：2290893
[Abstract]:The cracks of large metal equipment often lead to safety accidents due to the bad working environment, so it is of great significance to carry out structural health assessment for its key components. However, the current research still has the following problems: the research on defect detection is focused on the single defect detection, but it lacks attention to the multi-defect global metal material which is more in line with the engineering reality, and the single nondestructive testing method is single because of its characteristic signal. Large metal components cannot be tested quantitatively for global health status. Seam defect is a transitional research form between artificial defect and natural crack, so the quantitative and automatic nondestructive testing method of multi-slot defect in metal component is studied in this paper. Non-destructive testing (NDT) is one of the effective methods for structural health monitoring. Due to its energy distribution in the whole part of the tested parts, it is easy to detect the global defects of metal materials, and the pulsed eddy current technology is rich in frequency spectrum. The electric potential drop method and eddy current method belong to the electromagnetic nondestructive testing method which is easy to realize automation integration. Therefore, based on the potential drop technology and the pulse eddy current detection technology, this paper studies the following aspects: (1) potential drop defect location identification. The finite element simulation model of DC potential drop and AC potential drop is established, and the influence of defect size, position and measuring number on the output signal of potential drop is analyzed. Finally, based on the digital conductivity meter to improve the experimental accuracy and verify the simulation results, a global defect location detection method for metal materials based on the potential drop technique is proposed. (2) the pulsed eddy current quantitative nondestructive testing method is studied. On the one hand, the numerical calculation model of pulsed eddy current detection system with slit defects is established, and the model is optimized from the aspects of network separation, boundary condition setting, etc. On the other hand, the experimental platform of pulse eddy current detection of slit defects is built and its detection ability is evaluated. From the point of view of simulation and experiment, the relationship model between electromagnetic signal and depth size of slit defect in pulsed eddy current testing is proposed. Based on this model, a quantitative nondestructive testing method for slit defects is proposed. (3) the integration method of potential drop and pulse eddy current technology is studied. The interface between the potential drop subsystem and the pulse eddy current subsystem is designed based on VB language, and the corresponding motion control program is written to complete the integrated non-destructive testing system of the potential drop and pulse eddy current. Based on the system, the location and quantitative detection of 7075 aluminum alloy slit defects is carried out, and the cause of error is analyzed, and the solution to reduce the error is put forward.
【学位授予单位】：电子科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TG115.28
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