基于计算机仿真的喷丝板微孔全自动化加工技术的研究

发布时间：2018-11-01 17:29

【摘要】：随着高分子材料技术的进步和生活水平的不断提高,从事于各行业的人们对于织物的功能性、舒适性以及美观性有着更高的要求。只有将研究重点集中在化学纤维的制造技术上才可能满足这些需求。化纤纺丝的一个高精密零部件是喷丝板,喷丝板的加工质量、加工精度以及基本结构都会影响到纺丝的质量。此外,要实现微孔的全自动化加工需要进行多方位的研究,钻削刀具、钻削工艺、刀具在线观测装置以及现场控制等,进而设计研发一套集刀具在线观测、磨损补偿、自动清屑的微孔自动化加工装置和自动化加工工艺。本文通过查阅文献,研究了当前国内外对于喷丝板微孔加工的研究现状,并且分析了在微孔加工方面国内外技术所存在的问题及缺陷,以及微孔加工对于喷丝板尺寸精度以及制造工艺的要求等等。需要指出的是国外喷丝板微孔加工基本实现了全自动化数控加工,而国内还是处于较为落后的传统手工加工阶段,经常出现刀具折断、补偿不及时、留底厚度不统一、加工效率低等问题,亟需解决。其次在微孔全自动化加工装备等方面,针对微小盲孔难排屑、刀具磨损补偿及微型扁钻容易折断等难题,提出主轴中空出气数控走位清屑、使用对刀仪实现刀具磨损补偿及刀具在线折断检测等特殊功能,在原有加工中心的基础上增加自动化加工所需的相关辅助功能。全自动化微孔加工工艺与传统手工钻削工艺相比具有巨大优势,因此进行全自动加工时需要进行工艺刀具参数和钻削工艺的优化。本课题通过DEFORM-3D软件模拟与正交实验相结合的办法,以轴向力(FZ)和扭矩(M)结合钻孔个数作为评价指标优化微型扁钻工艺参数,再在实际加工效果相结合,综合取得微孔加工的最佳参数。最后,在上述研究的基础上,针对加工过程进行优化,提出了喷丝板微孔全自动化加工专用CNC配置,探索出微孔合理的加工工艺,提高了每把刀具加工的孔数和微孔加工的质量及效率。
[Abstract]:With the progress of polymer material technology and the improvement of living standard, people engaged in various industries have higher requirements for fabric functionality, comfort and aesthetics. These needs can only be met by focusing research on the manufacturing technology of chemical fibers. A high precision component of chemical fiber spinning is spinneret. The processing quality, machining precision and basic structure of spinneret affect the quality of spinning. In addition, in order to realize the full automatic machining of microholes, it is necessary to carry out multi-directional research, such as drilling tool, drilling technology, tool on-line observation device and field control, etc., and then design and develop a set of tools on-line observation, wear compensation, etc. Automatic chip removal micro-hole automatic processing device and automatic processing technology. In this paper, the current research status of spinneret micro-hole machining at home and abroad is studied, and the existing problems and defects in micro-hole machining are analyzed. And micro-hole machining for spinneret size accuracy and manufacturing process requirements and so on. It should be pointed out that foreign spinneret microhole machining has basically realized full automatic NC machining, but in China it is still in the backward stage of traditional manual machining. The cutting tools are often broken, the compensation is not in time, and the bottom thickness is not uniform. The problem of low processing efficiency needs to be solved urgently. Secondly, in the aspect of automatic machining equipment of micro hole, aiming at the difficult problems of small blind hole, tool wear compensation and easy breakage of micro flat drill, the paper puts forward that the main shaft can be removed by numerical control (NC) walking through hollow air. The special functions of tool wear compensation and tool on-line fracture detection are realized by using the tool counter, and the related auxiliary functions for automatic machining are added on the basis of the original machining center. Compared with the traditional manual drilling process, the fully automatic micro-hole machining process has great advantages. Therefore, the optimization of the process tool parameters and drilling process is needed for automatic machining. Through the method of DEFORM-3D software simulation and orthogonal experiment, the axial force (FZ) and torque (M) combined with the number of boreholes are used as evaluation indexes to optimize the process parameters of micro flat drill, and then combine with the actual processing effect. The optimum parameters of microhole machining are obtained. Finally, on the basis of the above research, aiming at the optimization of the machining process, the special CNC configuration for the full automatic machining of the spinneret microholes is proposed, and the reasonable machining process of the microholes is explored. The number of holes per tool and the quality and efficiency of microhole machining are improved.
【学位授予单位】：河南工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TG659;TQ340.5

【参考文献】