微细电火花加工脉冲电源及控制系统研究
发布时间：2018-11-06 16:11
【摘要】：随着社会科技与纳米技术的不断发展,精密化和微型化是现代制造业加工的重要发展方向之一,微机电系统(MEMS)因其体积小、能耗低、集成度高等一系列优势被视为21世纪最重要的发展技术之一,在许多精密仪器行业有着广泛的应用需求。在微细加工领域中,微细电火花加工属于非接触性加工,它拥有低加工应力、加工效果无毛刺和易处理高硬度质料的长处,普遍地应用在航空航天、汽车、生物医疗仪器这些行业,是加工微细轴、孔、深小孔最重要的手段之一,其研究和发展一直是工业界与学术界的关注对象。本文的研究目的主要包括微细电火花加工微能脉冲电源的研究及其放电控制系统的研究。首先简要综述了微细电火花加工的研究背景及意义,介绍了微细电火花加工技术的产生、发展历程及国内外现状,研究分析了微细电火花的加工机理及放电特性。根据微细电火花加工电源的高频、微能特性,设计了以RC放电为主放电回路的可控RC脉冲电源拓扑电路,该电源主要包括了EMI滤波模块、PWM驱动模块、数据采集模块、短路保护模块、上下机通讯模块,电源以MOSFET晶体管作为高频开关控件,采用小电阻限流,得到高频窄脉宽电压,实现微细能量加工。本文设计的电源加工控制系统是以FPGA,即现场可编程门阵列和Nios软核系统处理器作为控制中枢,可以完成加工电压及电流的信号采集并且充当脉冲发生器,采用衰减电路及八位数据并联采集的方法采集加工间隙平均电压和加工电流设置上下阈值判断电火花加工状态,以RS232串口通讯实现上位机对电源加工参数的调节。微细电火花加工平台为多功能微机床三维加工平台,该平台以Lab VIEW程序设计块电极反拷、电火花打孔的进给回退伺服控制界面,具有伺服控制精度高、响应速度快的特点。本文所设计研究的微细电火花加工电源具有放电频率高,放电脉宽窄,放电能量小以及加工稳定性好的特点。通过进行块反拷加工微细轴和微细孔加工实验可以验证所设计的微能脉冲加工电源的性能可靠性及加工稳定性,通过改变电参数及加工条件,可对微细电火花加工进行加工效率及加工精度、电极损耗的研究。
[Abstract]:With the continuous development of social science and technology and nanotechnology, precision and miniaturization is one of the important development directions in modern manufacturing industry. The (MEMS) of MEMS is small in size and low in energy consumption. A series of advantages such as high integration are regarded as one of the most important developing technologies in the 21st century, and they are widely used in many precision instrument industries. In the field of micro machining, micro EDM belongs to non contact machining. It has the advantages of low processing stress, no burr and easy processing of high hardness materials. It is widely used in aerospace, automobile, Biomedical apparatus is one of the most important means to process microaxes, holes and deep holes. The research and development of biomedical instruments have always been the focus of industry and academia. The purpose of this paper mainly includes the research of micro-EDM micro-energy pulse power supply and its discharge control system. Firstly, the research background and significance of micro EDM are briefly reviewed, the generation, development and current situation of micro EDM are introduced, and the mechanism and discharge characteristics of micro EDM are analyzed. According to the characteristics of high frequency and micro energy of micro EDM power supply, a controllable RC pulse power supply topology circuit is designed, which is mainly composed of EMI filter module, PWM driver module and data acquisition module. The short circuit protection module, the communication module, the MOSFET transistor as the high frequency switch control, the low resistance current limiting, the high frequency narrow pulse width voltage are obtained, and the micro energy processing is realized. The power supply machining control system designed in this paper uses FPGA, (Field Programmable Gate Array) and Nios soft Core system processor as the control center, which can complete the signal acquisition of processing voltage and current and act as pulse generator. The average voltage and current of machining gap are collected by the method of attenuation circuit and 8-bit data acquisition in parallel. The state of EDM is judged by setting up and down threshold of machining current, and the adjustment of power processing parameters by RS232 serial port communication is realized. The micro EDM platform is a multifunctional 3D machining platform for micro machine tools. The platform uses Lab VIEW program to design the block electrode reverse cuff and the feed back and back servo control interface of EDM perforation, which has the characteristics of high servo control precision and fast response speed. The micro-EDM power supply designed in this paper has the characteristics of high discharge frequency, narrow discharge pulse width, low discharge energy and good machining stability. The performance reliability and machining stability of the designed micro-energy pulse machining power supply can be verified by the experiments of block reverse cuffing machining micro-shaft and micro-hole machining. By changing electrical parameters and processing conditions, the reliability and machining stability of the designed micro-energy pulse machining power supply can be verified. The machining efficiency, machining precision and electrode loss of micro EDM can be studied.
【学位授予单位】：广东工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TG661
本文编号：2314790
[Abstract]:With the continuous development of social science and technology and nanotechnology, precision and miniaturization is one of the important development directions in modern manufacturing industry. The (MEMS) of MEMS is small in size and low in energy consumption. A series of advantages such as high integration are regarded as one of the most important developing technologies in the 21st century, and they are widely used in many precision instrument industries. In the field of micro machining, micro EDM belongs to non contact machining. It has the advantages of low processing stress, no burr and easy processing of high hardness materials. It is widely used in aerospace, automobile, Biomedical apparatus is one of the most important means to process microaxes, holes and deep holes. The research and development of biomedical instruments have always been the focus of industry and academia. The purpose of this paper mainly includes the research of micro-EDM micro-energy pulse power supply and its discharge control system. Firstly, the research background and significance of micro EDM are briefly reviewed, the generation, development and current situation of micro EDM are introduced, and the mechanism and discharge characteristics of micro EDM are analyzed. According to the characteristics of high frequency and micro energy of micro EDM power supply, a controllable RC pulse power supply topology circuit is designed, which is mainly composed of EMI filter module, PWM driver module and data acquisition module. The short circuit protection module, the communication module, the MOSFET transistor as the high frequency switch control, the low resistance current limiting, the high frequency narrow pulse width voltage are obtained, and the micro energy processing is realized. The power supply machining control system designed in this paper uses FPGA, (Field Programmable Gate Array) and Nios soft Core system processor as the control center, which can complete the signal acquisition of processing voltage and current and act as pulse generator. The average voltage and current of machining gap are collected by the method of attenuation circuit and 8-bit data acquisition in parallel. The state of EDM is judged by setting up and down threshold of machining current, and the adjustment of power processing parameters by RS232 serial port communication is realized. The micro EDM platform is a multifunctional 3D machining platform for micro machine tools. The platform uses Lab VIEW program to design the block electrode reverse cuff and the feed back and back servo control interface of EDM perforation, which has the characteristics of high servo control precision and fast response speed. The micro-EDM power supply designed in this paper has the characteristics of high discharge frequency, narrow discharge pulse width, low discharge energy and good machining stability. The performance reliability and machining stability of the designed micro-energy pulse machining power supply can be verified by the experiments of block reverse cuffing machining micro-shaft and micro-hole machining. By changing electrical parameters and processing conditions, the reliability and machining stability of the designed micro-energy pulse machining power supply can be verified. The machining efficiency, machining precision and electrode loss of micro EDM can be studied.
【学位授予单位】：广东工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TG661
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