磨损失效硬度非均匀表面激光耦合仿生修复的研究
发布时间：2018-11-08 16:17
【摘要】：由于不可避免的磨损,每年有大量设备因磨损失效而报废,从而造成大量的资源消耗,为节约资源并提高寿命周期,需要对磨损部件进行修复再生。目前我国的战略需求就是重点发展修复再制造工程,实现循环经济和节能减排。通常报废部件的磨损失效表面的硬度、应力等是不均匀的,以磨损失效且保留淬火层的机床导轨表面为例,由于刀架长期沿导轨面非均匀运行,同时残余淬火层的组织和硬度沿厚度方向是梯度变化的,最终导致其磨损失效表面硬度非均匀。若想使其修复获得耐磨性均一表面有两种方式,一种是通过去除残余淬火层来获得均匀表面,但却会使导轨尺寸达不到使用要求,且消耗大量的人力物力,所以不予考虑;另一种是在磨损失效硬度非均匀表面上进行耐磨性均一修复,这也是本文的研究目的所在。由于磨损非均匀状况的复杂性,目前单一表面修复再生技术难以使非均匀表面本身的耐磨性修复均一。而本文利用仿生学思想,通过耐磨实验发现不同硬度分区上不同仿生耦合模型有不同的耐磨性变化规律,经分析若在不同硬度分区匹配不同的仿生耦合模型,则可使不同硬度分区获得不同的耐磨性提高量,从而使磨损失效硬度非均匀表面的耐磨性修复均一,所以本文提出了一种分区够建仿生耦合模型修复磨损失效硬度非均匀表面及其方法,突破了修复非均匀表面达到耐磨性均一的难题。分区构建仿生耦合模型修复方法的步骤如下:1、根据硬度不同进行区域划分,分为低硬度区(A区)、中硬度区(B区)、高硬度区(C区);2、在不同硬度分区匹配不同的仿生耦合模型:先确定耐磨目标M,然后根据仿生修复耐磨性均一的匹配原则,计算A、B、C三区的理论磨损高度减少率分别为K1%、K2%、K3%;再根据不同硬度分区上不同仿生耦合模型对耐磨性的影响规律,分别在A区匹配磨损高度减少率为K1%的仿生耦合模型,B区匹配磨损高度减少率为K2%的仿生耦合模型,C区匹配磨损高度减少率为K3%的仿生耦合模型;3、对不同硬度分区的实际间距进行微调。随着耐磨目标的不同,不同硬度分区匹配的仿生耦合模型也不同。通过举例分析,当耐磨目标M为8年时,分区构建仿生耦合模型如下:低硬度区为网状仿生耦合模型,间距为4.91mm~6.01mm;中硬度区为条状仿生耦合模型,间距为3.83mm~4.53mm;高硬度区为点状仿生耦合模型,间距为2.25mm~2.60mm。将不同硬度分区的仿生耦合模型拼接成5组仿生试样,通过耐磨结果分析,不同硬度分区匹配的不同的仿生耦合模型的耐磨性一致,满足修复耐磨性均一的目的;其耐磨性为0.051221μm,与理论耐磨性相差0.041%,差别较小,说明了分区构建仿生耦合模型修复方法的有效性。
[Abstract]:Because of the inevitable wear and tear, a large number of equipments are scrapped because of wear failure every year, which results in a large amount of resource consumption. In order to save resources and improve the life cycle, it is necessary to repair and regenerate the worn parts. At present, China's strategic demand is to focus on the development of repair and remanufacturing engineering, circular economy and energy conservation and emission reduction. Generally, the hardness and stress of worn failure surface of scrap parts are not uniform. Taking the surface of machine tool guideway with wear failure and retained quenching layer as an example, the tool holder runs along the guide surface inhomogeneously for a long time. At the same time, the microstructure and hardness of the residual quenched layer are gradient along the thickness direction, which leads to the non-uniform hardness of the wear failure surface. There are two ways to get uniform surface of wear resistance for repair, one is to get uniform surface by removing residual quenching layer, but the size of guide rail can not reach the requirement of use, and a lot of manpower and material resources are consumed, so it is not considered; The other is to repair the wear resistance on the non-uniform surface of wear failure hardness, which is the purpose of this paper. Due to the complexity of non-uniform wear, it is difficult to make the wear resistance of the non-uniform surface uniform by single surface repair and regeneration technology. In this paper, the bionic coupling models with different hardness zones are found to have different wear resistance changes by using bionic thought. If different hardness zones match different bionic coupling models, The wear resistance can be improved by different hardness zones, and the wear resistance of the non-uniform surface of wear failure hardness is uniform. In this paper, a bionic coupling model is proposed to repair the non-uniform surface with wear failure hardness, which breaks through the problem of uniform wear resistance. The steps of constructing bionic coupling model restoration method are as follows: 1. According to the different hardness regions, they are divided into low hardness region (A region), medium hardness region (B region) and high hardness region (C region); 2. Different bionic coupling models are matched in different hardness zones: first, the wear resistant target Mand is determined, and then according to the matching principle of uniform wear resistance of bionic restoration, the theoretical wear height reduction rate of the three zones of AZB C is calculated as K1 and K2, respectively. K3s; Then according to the influence of different bionic coupling models on wear resistance in different hardness zones, the bionic coupling models with wear height reduction rate of K1% and B region matching wear height reduction rate K2% respectively are matched in A region. The bionic coupling model with C region matching wear height reduction rate of K3%; 3. Fine tune the actual spacing of different hardness zones. With different wear-resistant targets, the bionic coupling models with different hardness zones are different. With an example, the bionic coupling model is constructed as follows: the low hardness zone is a network bionic coupling model with a spacing of 4.91 mm and 6.01 mm, while the medium hardness zone is a strip bionic coupling model with a spacing of 3.83 mm and 4.53 mm. The high hardness region is a point-like bionic coupling model with a distance of 2.25mm ~ 2.60mm. The bionic coupling models with different hardness zones were spliced into five groups of biomimetic samples. The wear resistance of different bionic coupling models with different hardness zones was consistent through the analysis of wear resistance results, which satisfied the purpose of uniform wear resistance. The wear resistance of the model is 0.051221 渭 m, which is 0.041 渭 m different from the theoretical wear resistance, which shows the effectiveness of the bionic coupling model restoration method.
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TG665
本文编号：2319013
[Abstract]:Because of the inevitable wear and tear, a large number of equipments are scrapped because of wear failure every year, which results in a large amount of resource consumption. In order to save resources and improve the life cycle, it is necessary to repair and regenerate the worn parts. At present, China's strategic demand is to focus on the development of repair and remanufacturing engineering, circular economy and energy conservation and emission reduction. Generally, the hardness and stress of worn failure surface of scrap parts are not uniform. Taking the surface of machine tool guideway with wear failure and retained quenching layer as an example, the tool holder runs along the guide surface inhomogeneously for a long time. At the same time, the microstructure and hardness of the residual quenched layer are gradient along the thickness direction, which leads to the non-uniform hardness of the wear failure surface. There are two ways to get uniform surface of wear resistance for repair, one is to get uniform surface by removing residual quenching layer, but the size of guide rail can not reach the requirement of use, and a lot of manpower and material resources are consumed, so it is not considered; The other is to repair the wear resistance on the non-uniform surface of wear failure hardness, which is the purpose of this paper. Due to the complexity of non-uniform wear, it is difficult to make the wear resistance of the non-uniform surface uniform by single surface repair and regeneration technology. In this paper, the bionic coupling models with different hardness zones are found to have different wear resistance changes by using bionic thought. If different hardness zones match different bionic coupling models, The wear resistance can be improved by different hardness zones, and the wear resistance of the non-uniform surface of wear failure hardness is uniform. In this paper, a bionic coupling model is proposed to repair the non-uniform surface with wear failure hardness, which breaks through the problem of uniform wear resistance. The steps of constructing bionic coupling model restoration method are as follows: 1. According to the different hardness regions, they are divided into low hardness region (A region), medium hardness region (B region) and high hardness region (C region); 2. Different bionic coupling models are matched in different hardness zones: first, the wear resistant target Mand is determined, and then according to the matching principle of uniform wear resistance of bionic restoration, the theoretical wear height reduction rate of the three zones of AZB C is calculated as K1 and K2, respectively. K3s; Then according to the influence of different bionic coupling models on wear resistance in different hardness zones, the bionic coupling models with wear height reduction rate of K1% and B region matching wear height reduction rate K2% respectively are matched in A region. The bionic coupling model with C region matching wear height reduction rate of K3%; 3. Fine tune the actual spacing of different hardness zones. With different wear-resistant targets, the bionic coupling models with different hardness zones are different. With an example, the bionic coupling model is constructed as follows: the low hardness zone is a network bionic coupling model with a spacing of 4.91 mm and 6.01 mm, while the medium hardness zone is a strip bionic coupling model with a spacing of 3.83 mm and 4.53 mm. The high hardness region is a point-like bionic coupling model with a distance of 2.25mm ~ 2.60mm. The bionic coupling models with different hardness zones were spliced into five groups of biomimetic samples. The wear resistance of different bionic coupling models with different hardness zones was consistent through the analysis of wear resistance results, which satisfied the purpose of uniform wear resistance. The wear resistance of the model is 0.051221 渭 m, which is 0.041 渭 m different from the theoretical wear resistance, which shows the effectiveness of the bionic coupling model restoration method.
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TG665
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