非对称轴类件楔横轧模具参数化设计及数值模拟

发布时间：2018-11-08 21:12

【摘要】：楔横轧单件轧制非对称轴类零件时,由于轴类零件左、右断面收缩率或展宽长度的不一致,模具左、右变形区工艺参数选取不能完全一样,如果根据经验选取模具参数,轧制时左右变形区所产生的轴向力难以平衡,导致轴类零件在轧制过程中出现轧件轴向窜动、台阶缺肉等缺陷,影响产品的外形尺寸和机械性能。应用成形楔以外的一组或数组楔来保证轧件的轴向平衡,不仅可以保证产品的外形尺寸和产品质量,还可以扩展工艺参数的选择范围,降低模具的生产成本。因此,本文以平楔结构下非对称轴类件楔横轧成形中各个因素对非对称轴成形质量的影响作为研究的主要内容,并设计开发出一款软件以实现自动化建模,再结合正交试验与数值模拟的方法对模具结构进行最终的验证。论文选题具有较为重要的学术意义和工程实际应用价值。本文的主要工作成果如下:(1)以现阶段楔横轧模具设计的有关规范为依据对非对称件楔横轧模具进行设计,找出楔横轧模具各结构参数之间的数学关系。(2)运用SolidWorks二次开发技术和VB编程技术,实现了非对称楔横轧模具的参数化建模,大大缩小了模具的设计周期,提高了优化效率。(3)通过运用DEFORM-3D有限元分析软件对轧件的中心横截面上的点进行点追踪,得到平楔结构参数对轴向窜动的影响规律。(4)以成形的非对称轴的轮廓形状为主要指标,兼顾轧制力能和模具长度进行多结构参数的正交数值模拟,得到了模具各个主楔的成形角和展宽角的最优组合。(5)通过运用DEFORM-3D有限元分析软件模拟了非对称楔横轧的成型过程,分析轧制过程中轴向横截面工件损伤、等效应变和温度场的变化规律;分析了精整阶段轧件整体速度场及各轧制阶段轧件的中心横截面速度场;分析了轧制过程中模具在三个方向轧制力变化规律、模具磨损以及模具不同位置的温度变化规律。本文所做的研究对于创新楔横轧工艺技术、完善和充实非对称楔横轧轧制理论、降低生产成本以及提高轧制产品质量具有重要的理论与实用价值。
[Abstract]:In cross wedge rolling of asymmetrical shaft parts, the process parameters of the left and right deformation zone of the die can not be exactly chosen because of the inconsistency of the shrinkage rate or the broadening length of the shaft parts, if the die parameters are selected according to the experience, It is difficult to balance the axial force produced by the left and right deformation zone during rolling, which leads to the axial movement of the rolling parts and the lack of meat on the steps, which affects the shape, size and mechanical properties of the products. The application of a group or array wedge outside the forming wedge to ensure the axial balance of the rolling piece can not only guarantee the product shape size and product quality, but also extend the selection range of the process parameters and reduce the production cost of the die. Therefore, in this paper, the influence of various factors on the forming quality of non-symmetric axis in the cross wedge rolling of asymmetric shaft under flat wedge structure is taken as the main research content, and a software is designed and developed to realize the automatic modeling. Finally, the die structure is verified by orthogonal test and numerical simulation. This paper has important academic significance and practical application value. The main achievements of this paper are as follows: (1) based on the relevant specifications of cross wedge rolling die design at present, the design of cross wedge rolling die for asymmetric parts is carried out. Find out the mathematical relationship among the structural parameters of cross wedge rolling die. (2) by using SolidWorks secondary development technology and VB programming technology, the parametric modeling of asymmetric cross wedge rolling die is realized, and the design cycle of die is greatly reduced. The optimization efficiency is improved. (3) the point tracing on the center cross section of the workpiece is carried out by using DEFORM-3D finite element analysis software. The influence of flat wedge structure parameters on axial movement is obtained. (4) taking the profile of the formed non-symmetric axis as the main index, the orthogonal numerical simulation of multiple structural parameters is carried out, taking the rolling force energy and the die length into account. The optimum combination of forming angle and broadening angle of each main wedge of die is obtained. (5) the forming process of asymmetric cross wedge rolling is simulated by using DEFORM-3D finite element analysis software, and the damage of axial cross section workpiece in rolling process is analyzed. The variation of equivalent strain and temperature field; The whole velocity field of the workpiece in finishing stage and the velocity field of the center cross section in each rolling stage are analyzed, and the variation law of the rolling force in three directions, the wear of the die and the temperature change of the die at different positions during rolling are analyzed. The research in this paper has important theoretical and practical value for innovating the technology of cross wedge rolling, perfecting and enriching the theory of asymmetric cross wedge rolling, reducing the production cost and improving the quality of rolled products.
【学位授予单位】：西南石油大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TG333

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