水平磁场下金属熔体粘滞性研究
发布时间：2018-11-13 09:40
【摘要】：金属熔体的粘度体现了金属熔体中原子的运动,直观反映了金属熔体的流动性,进而可以表现出金属熔体中的传热与传质,因此,通过研究金属熔体的粘度有利于深入把握金属熔体的凝固行为,调控金属熔体的成型能力,以获得高性能的成型金属;金属熔体的粘度可以从宏观上表现液态金属微观结构的转变,因此,通过研究金属熔体的粘度可以分析液态金属内部结构的变化;金属熔体粘度与温度的变化率就是金属熔体的脆性,而脆性与合金的非晶形成能力直接相关,因此,金属熔体的粘度可以预判合金的非晶形成能力。金属熔体粘度的研究对于熔融金属的基础理论研究和科学应用都具有十分重要的指导意义。金属镓是一种低熔点的耐腐蚀性极好的半金属材料。镓合金作为一种半导体材料,在微波通信行业,磁性材料,太阳能电池,医学以及光电工业等各个方面均具有非常广泛的应用。近年来,镓合金作为一种新型材料在诸多领域均有较大的应用前景。本文以镓基合金熔体为主要的研究对象,并用附带水平磁场的高温熔体粘度仪研究了磁场对金属熔体粘度的影响,建立定量描述磁场与金属熔体粘度之间的理论模型;探索磁场对Ga基金属熔体非晶形成能力的影响;并利用分子动力学模拟计算了 Ga基金属熔体结构,探索磁场对金属熔体粘度的影响机制,从微观原子角度解释磁场下金属熔体粘度变化的原因,为液态金属的理论研究奠定了基础。研究表明,Sn_(97)Fe_3、Sn_(94)Fe_6、Sn_(95)Co_5、Sn_(95)Mn_5、Al_(97)Ni_3、Al_(92)Ni_8、Ga_(98)Fe_2以及Ga_(98)Cr_2等金属熔体的粘度在磁场下均随着温度的升高而减小,且都符合Arrhenius公式,指前因子随着磁场强度的增加而不断增加;它们的粘度在磁场下都符合二次函数式ηB=η+2H/πΩB2,金属熔体在磁场下的粘度正比于磁场强度的平方。Ga_(80)Fe_(20),Ga_(80)Co_(20),Ga_(80)Ni_(20)以 Ga_(80)Cr_(20)合金熔体在水平磁场下的粘度均符合Arrhenius公式,随着温度的升高而不断减小;并且随着磁场强度的增加而增加;它们的过热脆性随着磁场强度的增加先减小后增大,最后再减小,这是由磁场对熵的影响以及磁力的影响共同决定的;不加磁场时,Ga_(80)Fe_(20),Ga_(80)Co_(20),Ga_(80)Ni_(20)以及Ga_(80)Cr_(20)合金熔体的过热脆性随着各个熔体的液相线温度升高而减小;在Ga_(80)Ni_(20)和Ga_(80)Cr_(20)合金熔体中,过热脆性值较小,而Ga_(80)Fe_(20)和Ga_(80)Co_(20)合金熔体中,过热脆性较大。用分子动力学模拟的方法计算了 Ga_(80)Fe_(20),Ga_(80)Co_(20),Ga_(80)Ni_(20)以及Ga_(80)Cr_(20)合金熔体的液态结构,在Ga_(80)Co_(20)和Ga_(80)Ni_(20)合金熔体中,Co原子以及Ni原子被Ga原子包围,形成中程有序结构;在Ga_(80)Fe_(20)合金熔体中,Fe原子和Ga原子随机分布;而在Ga_(80)Cr_(20)合金熔体中,Cr原子与Cr原子之间形成了团簇,并且这个团簇有相互分离的趋势;Ga_(80)Ni_(20),Ga_(80)Cr_(20),Ga_(80)Co_(20),Ga_(80)Fe_(20)合金熔体的粘度对磁场的响应逐渐减弱,这是由金属熔体中的团簇大小以及磁场下粒子间的相互力引起的。
[Abstract]:The viscosity of the metal melt reflects the movement of the atoms in the metal melt, and the fluidity of the metal melt is directly reflected, so that the heat transfer and the mass transfer in the metal melt can be expressed, The forming ability of the metal melt is regulated so as to obtain the high-performance forming metal; the viscosity of the metal melt can be changed from the macroscopic to the transition of the microstructure of the liquid metal; therefore, the change of the internal structure of the liquid metal can be analyzed by studying the viscosity of the metal melt; The rate of change of the viscosity and temperature of the metal melt is the brittleness of the metal melt, and the brittleness is directly related to the amorphous forming ability of the alloy, so the viscosity of the metal melt can pre-judge the amorphous forming ability of the alloy. The research of the metal melt viscosity is of great significance to the basic theory research and the scientific application of the molten metal. The metal base material is a semi-metallic material having a low melting point and excellent corrosion resistance. As a kind of semiconductor material, the metal alloy has a very wide application in the microwave communication industry, the magnetic material, the solar cell, the medicine and the photoelectric industry. In recent years, the alloy as a kind of new material has great application prospect in many fields. In this paper, the influence of the magnetic field on the viscosity of the metal melt is studied by using a high-temperature melt viscosity meter with a horizontal magnetic field, and a theoretical model for quantitatively describing the viscosity of the magnetic field and the metal melt is established. The influence of the magnetic field on the amorphous forming ability of the Ga-based melt is explored, and the mechanism of the influence of the magnetic field on the viscosity of the metal melt is studied by using the molecular dynamics, and the cause of the change of the viscosity of the metal melt under the magnetic field is explained from the micro-atomic angle. The foundation is laid for the theoretical study of liquid metal. The results show that the viscosity of Sn _ (97) Fe _ 3, Sn _ (94) Fe _ 6, Sn _ (95) Co _ 5, Sn _ (95) Mn _ 5, Al _ (97) Ni _ 3, Al _ (92) Ni _ 8, Ga _ (98) Fe _ 2 and Ga _ (98) Cr _ 2 is reduced with the increase of the temperature in the magnetic field, and it is in accordance with the Arrhenius formula. The viscosity of the metal melt in the magnetic field is in accordance with the quadratic function type B = 1 + 2H/ 1惟 B2, and the viscosity of the metal melt under the magnetic field is directly proportional to the square of the magnetic field strength. The viscosity of Ga _ (80) Fe _ (20), Ga _ (80) Co _ (20), Ga _ (80) Ni _ (20) in the horizontal magnetic field of Ga _ (80) Cr _ (20) alloy is in accordance with the Arrhenius formula, and increases with the increase of the magnetic field strength; their overheat brittleness increases with the increase of the magnetic field strength, and finally decreases, It is determined by the influence of the magnetic field on the entropy and the influence of the magnetic force; when the magnetic field is not applied, the superheat brittleness of the Ga _ (80) Fe _ (20), Ga _ (80) Co _ (20), Ga _ (80) Ni _ (20) and the Ga _ (80) Cr _ (20) alloy melt decreases with the temperature of the liquid-phase line of each melt; in the Ga _ (80) Ni _ (20) and Ga _ (80) Cr _ (20) alloy melt, the superheat brittleness value is small, In the melt of Ga _ (80) Fe _ (20) and Ga _ (80) Co _ (20), the overheat brittleness is high. The liquid structure of Ga _ (80) Fe _ (20), Ga _ (80) Co _ (20), Ga _ (80) Ni _ (20) and Ga _ (80) Cr _ (20) alloy melt is calculated by molecular dynamics simulation. Co atoms and Ni atoms are surrounded by Ga atoms in Ga _ (80) Co _ (20) and Ga _ (80) Ni _ (20) alloy melt to form a medium-range ordered structure; in the Ga _ (80) Fe _ (20) alloy melt, the Fe atoms and Ga atoms are randomly distributed; In a Ga _ (80) Cr _ (20) alloy melt, a cluster of clusters is formed between the Cr atom and the Cr atom, and the clusters have a tendency to separate from each other; Ga _ (80) Ni _ (20), Ga _ (80) Cr _ (20), Ga _ (80) Co _ (20), Ga _ (80) Fe _ (20) alloy melt have a gradual decrease in the response of the magnetic field, this is caused by the cluster size in the metal melt and the mutual force between the particles in the magnetic field.
【学位授予单位】：山东大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TG111.4
本文编号：2328719
[Abstract]:The viscosity of the metal melt reflects the movement of the atoms in the metal melt, and the fluidity of the metal melt is directly reflected, so that the heat transfer and the mass transfer in the metal melt can be expressed, The forming ability of the metal melt is regulated so as to obtain the high-performance forming metal; the viscosity of the metal melt can be changed from the macroscopic to the transition of the microstructure of the liquid metal; therefore, the change of the internal structure of the liquid metal can be analyzed by studying the viscosity of the metal melt; The rate of change of the viscosity and temperature of the metal melt is the brittleness of the metal melt, and the brittleness is directly related to the amorphous forming ability of the alloy, so the viscosity of the metal melt can pre-judge the amorphous forming ability of the alloy. The research of the metal melt viscosity is of great significance to the basic theory research and the scientific application of the molten metal. The metal base material is a semi-metallic material having a low melting point and excellent corrosion resistance. As a kind of semiconductor material, the metal alloy has a very wide application in the microwave communication industry, the magnetic material, the solar cell, the medicine and the photoelectric industry. In recent years, the alloy as a kind of new material has great application prospect in many fields. In this paper, the influence of the magnetic field on the viscosity of the metal melt is studied by using a high-temperature melt viscosity meter with a horizontal magnetic field, and a theoretical model for quantitatively describing the viscosity of the magnetic field and the metal melt is established. The influence of the magnetic field on the amorphous forming ability of the Ga-based melt is explored, and the mechanism of the influence of the magnetic field on the viscosity of the metal melt is studied by using the molecular dynamics, and the cause of the change of the viscosity of the metal melt under the magnetic field is explained from the micro-atomic angle. The foundation is laid for the theoretical study of liquid metal. The results show that the viscosity of Sn _ (97) Fe _ 3, Sn _ (94) Fe _ 6, Sn _ (95) Co _ 5, Sn _ (95) Mn _ 5, Al _ (97) Ni _ 3, Al _ (92) Ni _ 8, Ga _ (98) Fe _ 2 and Ga _ (98) Cr _ 2 is reduced with the increase of the temperature in the magnetic field, and it is in accordance with the Arrhenius formula. The viscosity of the metal melt in the magnetic field is in accordance with the quadratic function type B = 1 + 2H/ 1惟 B2, and the viscosity of the metal melt under the magnetic field is directly proportional to the square of the magnetic field strength. The viscosity of Ga _ (80) Fe _ (20), Ga _ (80) Co _ (20), Ga _ (80) Ni _ (20) in the horizontal magnetic field of Ga _ (80) Cr _ (20) alloy is in accordance with the Arrhenius formula, and increases with the increase of the magnetic field strength; their overheat brittleness increases with the increase of the magnetic field strength, and finally decreases, It is determined by the influence of the magnetic field on the entropy and the influence of the magnetic force; when the magnetic field is not applied, the superheat brittleness of the Ga _ (80) Fe _ (20), Ga _ (80) Co _ (20), Ga _ (80) Ni _ (20) and the Ga _ (80) Cr _ (20) alloy melt decreases with the temperature of the liquid-phase line of each melt; in the Ga _ (80) Ni _ (20) and Ga _ (80) Cr _ (20) alloy melt, the superheat brittleness value is small, In the melt of Ga _ (80) Fe _ (20) and Ga _ (80) Co _ (20), the overheat brittleness is high. The liquid structure of Ga _ (80) Fe _ (20), Ga _ (80) Co _ (20), Ga _ (80) Ni _ (20) and Ga _ (80) Cr _ (20) alloy melt is calculated by molecular dynamics simulation. Co atoms and Ni atoms are surrounded by Ga atoms in Ga _ (80) Co _ (20) and Ga _ (80) Ni _ (20) alloy melt to form a medium-range ordered structure; in the Ga _ (80) Fe _ (20) alloy melt, the Fe atoms and Ga atoms are randomly distributed; In a Ga _ (80) Cr _ (20) alloy melt, a cluster of clusters is formed between the Cr atom and the Cr atom, and the clusters have a tendency to separate from each other; Ga _ (80) Ni _ (20), Ga _ (80) Cr _ (20), Ga _ (80) Co _ (20), Ga _ (80) Fe _ (20) alloy melt have a gradual decrease in the response of the magnetic field, this is caused by the cluster size in the metal melt and the mutual force between the particles in the magnetic field.
【学位授予单位】：山东大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TG111.4
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