高温合金小孔钻削技术的研究

发布时间：2018-11-21 11:00

【摘要】：高温合金小孔零件在航空航天领域应用日趋广泛,小孔加工一直是加工领域的难题,钻削由于金属去除率大效率高是孔加工中最常用的加工方式,小直径钻头刚度低,钻削时容易折断会导致工件报废,因此为了减少小直径钻头钻削高温合金时易折断现象,对钻削过程中的钻削力研究具有重要意义。本文通过仿真与试验方法分析钻削参数对钻削力及钻头磨损的影响,对加工中的参数选择具有指导作用。首先论述了麻花钻的几何参数,并基于平面刃磨法对钻头进行建模,查找了钻削高温合金时采用高速钢刀具材料的牌号,之后用Deform-3D软件进行钻削仿真,通过单因素方案分析了钻头直径、转速、进给量和顶角对钻削力的影响规律,并通过钻削试验验证了仿真结果,通过正交试验分析了影响钻削力的主次因素,并计算了钻削轴向力与转矩的经验公式的系数。最后重点针对GH4169螺栓斜面上的保险丝孔设计了专用钻削夹具。结果如下:(1)钻削轴向力与转矩随钻头直径、进给量的增加而增加,轴向力随顶角的增加而增加,转矩随顶角的增加而减小,随着钻头转速的增加轴向力与转矩均减小,转速过高会使钻头磨损更加严重。(2)钻削GH4169时影响钻削轴向力Fz的主次因素为钻头直径进给量转速,影响转矩M的主次因素为钻头直径转速进给量。(3)经过试验,设计的适用于斜面上的螺栓保险系孔钻削夹具具有更高的效率,可以应用于实际生产。
[Abstract]:High temperature alloy small hole parts are widely used in aerospace field. Small hole machining is always a difficult problem in the field of machining. Due to the high efficiency of metal removal, drilling is the most commonly used machining method in hole machining, and the rigidity of small diameter bit is low. In order to reduce the breakage of small diameter bit in drilling high temperature alloy, it is very important to study the drilling force in drilling process. In this paper, the influence of drilling parameters on drilling force and bit wear is analyzed by means of simulation and test, which can guide the selection of drilling parameters. Firstly, the geometric parameters of twist drill are discussed, and the drill bit is modeled based on plane grinding method, and the grade of high speed steel tool material used in drilling superalloy is found, and then drilling simulation is carried out with Deform-3D software. The influence of drill diameter, rotation speed, feed rate and vertex angle on drilling force is analyzed by single factor scheme. The simulation results are verified by drilling test, and the primary and secondary factors affecting drilling force are analyzed by orthogonal test. The coefficients of empirical formulas for axial force and torque in drilling are calculated. Finally, the special drilling fixture is designed for the fuse hole on the GH4169 bolt slope. The results are as follows: (1) the axial force and torque of drilling increase with the diameter of bit and feed rate, the axial force increases with the increase of vertex angle, the torque decreases with the increase of vertex angle, and the axial force and torque decrease with the increase of bit speed. Too high rotational speed will make bit wear more serious. (2) the primary and secondary factors affecting drilling axial force Fz are bit diameter feed speed, and the primary and secondary factors affecting torque M are bit diameter speed feed. (3) after test, The design is more efficient and can be used in practical production.
【学位授予单位】：沈阳理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TG52

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