基于制造特征的轴类零件数控工艺技术研究

发布时间：2018-12-14 05:24

【摘要】：随着全球知识经济及计算机信息技术的普遍发展,以数控加工为核心的制造业在综合国力的竞争中占据着重要地位。在传统加工的基础上,通过与数控技术、CAD/CAPP/CAM技术的有效结合,继而形成数控加工工艺。相比于传统加工工艺,它具有较大的优势,成为当代制造中重要的加工工艺技术。本课题结合轴类零件数控工艺的研究,探索数控工艺设计中一些关键问题的解决方式,研究工作具有重要的现实意义。本文立足于企业对产品高效率、高质量加工的追求目标,以轴类零件为研究对象,进行数控加工工艺技术研究:采用基于规则的特征识别策略,实现了零件制造特征的识别与提取;针对现有CAPP系统对工艺规程设计的现状,对其自动化设计过程进行了相关研究,包括工艺知识库及工艺特征段的设计、参数定义及流程定义等内容:在对轴类零件的加工工艺性及加工轨迹生成进行分析后,以本文中的抽象轴类模型为对象,利用UG的CAM功能对其进行了计算机辅助加工及NC程序生成;针对实际生产中需要利用“试切”来验证NC程序的正确性,本文基于数控机床原型建立了虚拟机床,并对程序中的进给速度进行了优化,最后对零件加工程序进行了仿真验证。经实例分析表明:①基于规则的特征识别策略,不仅能高效、准确地提取零件特征,而且将零件加工顺序考虑在内,为后续的零件工艺设计过程提供信息支撑;②所设计的参数化CAPP系统在生成零件工艺路线时,可以有效克服传统工艺设计过程中的周期长、工作重复量大、管理混乱等不足;③采用虚拟加工的方式可以更加安全、直观地发现零件加工程序中的错误,便于修正和优化NC程序,并以此取代实际生产中的“试切”环节,有效降低生产费用。
[Abstract]:With the development of global knowledge economy and computer information technology, the manufacturing industry with NC machining as its core occupies an important position in the competition of comprehensive national strength. On the basis of traditional machining, NC machining technology is formed by effective combination of NC technology and CAD/CAPP/CAM technology. Compared with the traditional processing technology, it has great advantages and has become an important processing technology in contemporary manufacturing. Based on the research of CNC technology for shaft parts, this paper explores the solutions of some key problems in NC process planning, and the research work has important practical significance. Based on the enterprise's goal of high efficiency and high quality machining, this paper takes shaft parts as the research object, carries on the numerical control machining technology research: adopts the rule-based feature recognition strategy, The recognition and extraction of parts manufacturing features are realized. According to the current situation of process planning in CAPP system, this paper studies the process of automatic design, including the design of process knowledge base and process characteristic section. Parameter definition and flow definition, etc.: after analyzing the machining process and the generation of machining path of shaft parts, the abstract shaft model in this paper is taken as an object. The computer aided machining and NC program generation are carried out by using the CAM function of UG. In order to verify the correctness of the NC program, the virtual machine bed is established based on the prototype of the NC machine tool, and the feed speed of the program is optimized. Finally, the part machining program is simulated and verified. The analysis of examples shows that: (1) the rule-based feature recognition strategy can not only efficiently and accurately extract the feature of the parts, but also take the machining sequence of the parts into account, and provide information support for the subsequent process planning of the parts; (2) the parameterized CAPP system can effectively overcome the disadvantages of long period, large amount of work repetition and confused management in the process of traditional process planning. (3) the virtual machining method can be used to find out the errors in the parts processing program, to correct and optimize the NC program, and to replace the "trial cutting" in actual production, and to reduce the production cost effectively.
【学位授予单位】：西安理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TG659

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