镁合金表面改性技术现状研究

发布时间：2019-01-05 18:28

【摘要】：镁在自然界中含量丰富,在地壳金属元素中储量排名第三位,是最轻的金属结构材料之一。镁合金的密度为1.74 g/cm~3,比强度高达134,兼具韧性好、减震性强、热容量低、压铸性能好以及切削加工性能优良等优点,在军工、航天航空以及汽车等领域上有广泛应用。由于镁的电负性极强,稳定性不好,易被腐蚀,因而需要对镁合金表面进行处理才能适应实际应用的要求。镁合金表面改性是改善镁及其合金耐蚀性、提高使用寿命、扩大应用领域的重要技术手段之一。综述了镁合金表面改性技术的研究现状,介绍了化学转化处理(化学氧化处理)、电镀和化学镀、阳极氧化和微弧氧化、激光表面处理、热喷涂以及有机涂层等方法的原理、优点以及存在的问题,并简要介绍气相沉积、离子注入、达克罗涂层等表面改性技术,最后分析了镁合金表面改性的发展趋势,认为镁合金表面改性技术应朝着低污染、低成本、高效率、多技术复合的方向发展。
[Abstract]:Magnesium is abundant in nature and ranks third in the reserves of metal elements in the crust. It is one of the lightest metal structural materials. The density of magnesium alloy is 1.74 g / cm ~ (-3), the specific strength is as high as 134, and it has the advantages of good toughness, strong shock absorption, low thermal capacity, good die-casting performance and excellent cutting and processing properties. Aerospace and automobile and other fields have a wide range of applications. Because of its strong electronegativity, poor stability and easy corrosion, magnesium alloys need to be treated in order to meet the requirements of practical application. The surface modification of magnesium alloy is one of the most important techniques to improve the corrosion resistance of magnesium alloy and its alloys, to increase the service life and to expand the application field. The research status of magnesium alloy surface modification technology is reviewed. The principles of chemical conversion treatment (chemical oxidation treatment), electroplating and electroless plating, anodizing and micro-arc oxidation, laser surface treatment, thermal spraying and organic coating are introduced. The advantages and the existing problems are briefly introduced, and the surface modification technologies such as vapor deposition, ion implantation and Dacromet coating are briefly introduced. Finally, the development trend of surface modification of magnesium alloys is analyzed, and it is concluded that the surface modification technology of magnesium alloys should be directed towards low pollution. Low cost, high efficiency, multi-technology compound development direction.
【作者单位】：解放军后勤工程学院化学与材料工程系;中国人民解放军96371部队;
【基金】：全军后勤科研计划项目(BY115C007) 重庆市自然科学基金(cstc2014jcyj A50026)~~
【分类号】：TG178

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