基于多层金属扩散连接的超疏水表面结构设计与制备
发布时间：2019-01-26 08:23
【摘要】：超疏水表面因其拒水特性广泛存在于自然界生物中,又通过仿生,被人类广泛应用于生产生活中,在抗腐蚀、防雾、抗冰、油水分离、液体定向传输、液滴及气泡收集、自清洁以及微流体控制等领域有着巨大的应用价值。现有超疏水表面构造方法,较难在金属表面构建出可精确控制尺寸的多级结构。本文利用多层不同厚度的异种金属箔片扩散连接,并经过界面的化学腐蚀、纳米结构生长、低表面能物质修饰等工艺,实现了可精确调控微米尺寸的超疏水表面构建。对数百层交替堆叠的铜箔和铁箔进行了扩散连接,并对形成接头界面处的铁进行了化学腐蚀,进而构造出具有微米级条纹状铜凸起的粗糙界面。探究了腐蚀剂种类、腐蚀时间对不同铜铁厚度比样品表面形成沟壑深度的影响规律。研究表明,采用盐酸和硫酸作腐蚀剂得到的腐蚀表面形貌不均匀,不利于实现微米结构的精确控制;采用高氯酸作为腐蚀剂得到的腐蚀表面形貌均匀良好。对于不同铜铁厚度比的界面,相同的腐蚀时间下,得到的沟壑深度也不相同;但对于相同铜铁厚度比的界面,腐蚀后表面的沟壑深宽比与腐蚀时间基本成正比。实现可精确控制尺寸的一维微米结构的构造后,选用了0.12 mol/L K2S2O8和3.2 mol/L NaOH混合溶液对获取表面的铜进行氧化处理,实现了表面纳米尺度CuO的生长,形成了多尺度复合表面,大大提升了表面粗糙度。再采用0.01 mol/L正十二硫醇酒精溶液对复合表面进行修饰,获得了超疏水表面,并对表面水接触角和滚动角进行了测量。研究了修饰时间、表面沟壑深宽比及铜凸起和铁沟壑的宽度比对接触角及滚动角的影响。研究表明,当修饰时间为2d,表面沟壑深宽比为0.75,铜凸起和铁沟壑的宽度比为1:5时,表面的疏水性能最佳。对不同表面结构下,水润湿状态改变机理进行了分析。当凹槽深宽比为0.15时,液滴在表面的润湿状态为Wenzel状态,当凹槽深宽比大于0.3时,液滴在表面的润湿状态为Cassie。并成功设计了基于一维微纳复合结构表面的磁控液滴释放系统,在施加不同方向的磁场方向之后,利用液滴润湿状态的变化,实现液滴的静止和供给。
[Abstract]:Superhydrophobic surfaces are widely used in natural organisms because of their water-repellent properties, and through bionics, they are widely used in production and life, such as anti-corrosion, anti-fog, anti-ice, oil-water separation, directional liquid transport, droplet collection and bubble collection. Self-cleaning and micro-fluid control have great application value. It is difficult to construct multilevel structure on metal surface by superhydrophobic surface construction method. In this paper, the super-hydrophobic surface structure with micron size can be precisely controlled by the diffusion bonding of multilayer and different thickness dissimilar metal foil, and by chemical corrosion of interface, growth of nanostructure and modification of low surface energy material. Hundreds of layers of alternately stacked copper foil and iron foil were connected by diffusion, and the iron formed at the joint interface was chemically corroded, and a rough interface with micron striped copper protrusions was constructed. The effects of etchants and corrosion time on the gully depth of different copper and iron thickness were investigated. The results show that the corrosion surface morphology obtained by using hydrochloric acid and sulfuric acid as etchant is not uniform, which is not conducive to the precise control of micron structure, and the corrosion surface morphology obtained by using perchloric acid as etchant is good. For the interface with different thickness ratio of copper and iron, the gully depth is different at the same corrosion time, but for the interface with the same thickness ratio of copper and iron, the ratio of the depth to width of the surface after corrosion is directly proportional to the corrosion time. After the structure of one-dimensional micron structure can be accurately controlled, the copper on the surface was oxidized by 0.12 mol/L K2S2O8 and 3.2 mol/L NaOH mixed solution, and the growth of nano-scale CuO on the surface was realized. A multi-scale composite surface is formed, which greatly improves the surface roughness. The superhydrophobic surface was obtained by modifying the composite surface with 0.01 mol/L n-dodecanethanol alcohol solution, and the surface water contact angle and rolling angle were measured. The effects of modification time, ratio of depth to width of surface gully and the ratio of copper bulge to iron gully width on contact angle and rolling angle were studied. The results show that the hydrophobicity of the surface is the best when the modification time is 2 days, the ratio of depth to width of the surface is 0.75 and the ratio of copper bulge to iron gully is 1:5. The change mechanism of water wetting state under different surface structure was analyzed. When the ratio of groove depth to width is 0. 15, the wetting state of droplets on the surface is Wenzel, and when the ratio of groove depth to width is greater than 0. 3, the wetting state of droplets on the surface is Cassie.. A magnetically controlled droplet releasing system based on one-dimensional micro-nano composite structure was designed successfully. After applying different magnetic field directions, the droplet wetting state was changed to realize the static and supply of the droplet.
【学位授予单位】：哈尔滨工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TG174.4
本文编号：2415301
[Abstract]:Superhydrophobic surfaces are widely used in natural organisms because of their water-repellent properties, and through bionics, they are widely used in production and life, such as anti-corrosion, anti-fog, anti-ice, oil-water separation, directional liquid transport, droplet collection and bubble collection. Self-cleaning and micro-fluid control have great application value. It is difficult to construct multilevel structure on metal surface by superhydrophobic surface construction method. In this paper, the super-hydrophobic surface structure with micron size can be precisely controlled by the diffusion bonding of multilayer and different thickness dissimilar metal foil, and by chemical corrosion of interface, growth of nanostructure and modification of low surface energy material. Hundreds of layers of alternately stacked copper foil and iron foil were connected by diffusion, and the iron formed at the joint interface was chemically corroded, and a rough interface with micron striped copper protrusions was constructed. The effects of etchants and corrosion time on the gully depth of different copper and iron thickness were investigated. The results show that the corrosion surface morphology obtained by using hydrochloric acid and sulfuric acid as etchant is not uniform, which is not conducive to the precise control of micron structure, and the corrosion surface morphology obtained by using perchloric acid as etchant is good. For the interface with different thickness ratio of copper and iron, the gully depth is different at the same corrosion time, but for the interface with the same thickness ratio of copper and iron, the ratio of the depth to width of the surface after corrosion is directly proportional to the corrosion time. After the structure of one-dimensional micron structure can be accurately controlled, the copper on the surface was oxidized by 0.12 mol/L K2S2O8 and 3.2 mol/L NaOH mixed solution, and the growth of nano-scale CuO on the surface was realized. A multi-scale composite surface is formed, which greatly improves the surface roughness. The superhydrophobic surface was obtained by modifying the composite surface with 0.01 mol/L n-dodecanethanol alcohol solution, and the surface water contact angle and rolling angle were measured. The effects of modification time, ratio of depth to width of surface gully and the ratio of copper bulge to iron gully width on contact angle and rolling angle were studied. The results show that the hydrophobicity of the surface is the best when the modification time is 2 days, the ratio of depth to width of the surface is 0.75 and the ratio of copper bulge to iron gully is 1:5. The change mechanism of water wetting state under different surface structure was analyzed. When the ratio of groove depth to width is 0. 15, the wetting state of droplets on the surface is Wenzel, and when the ratio of groove depth to width is greater than 0. 3, the wetting state of droplets on the surface is Cassie.. A magnetically controlled droplet releasing system based on one-dimensional micro-nano composite structure was designed successfully. After applying different magnetic field directions, the droplet wetting state was changed to realize the static and supply of the droplet.
【学位授予单位】：哈尔滨工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TG174.4
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