内置双不等减振器减振镗杆的研究

发布时间：2019-02-13 11:43

【摘要】：随着装备制造业的发展,对深孔加工的需求日渐增长,对质量和精度要求也越来越高。相比与发达国家,我国对于深孔加工技术的研究落后很多。刀具振动一直是深孔加工的主要问题,深孔加工用的镗杆长径比大,极易引发振颤,加工质量和效率低。因此,如何减少在深孔镗削加工中镗杆的振动,成为一个重要研究课题。国内外对内置减振器减振镗杆已进行了一些相关研究,但减振系统主要参数对镗杆减振性能的影响研究的并不多。本文将研究内置双不等减振器减振镗杆的振动特性,分析影响减振性能的主要因素,并进行模块式减振镗刀设计开发。首先,从分析镗削振颤出发,研究镗杆减振原理和减振方法,建立内置双不等减振器减振镗杆的力学模型和数学模型,推导出镗杆的相对振幅和激励频率的函数表达式。在一定简化的情况下,建立减振镗杆理论优化模型,采用动力学仿真软件ADAMS对减振系统的弹性元件和阻尼元件进行了优化。其次,运用有限元仿真软件ANSYS对减振镗杆进行了仿真分析,然后运用有限元仿真进行频响仿真以研究内置减振系统主要参数对镗杆减振性能的影响,包括两个质量块的密度,橡胶圈的径向刚度,阻尼液的阻尼系数。分析结果对于内置双不等减振器的设计具有重要指导作用。最后,进行基于内置双不等减振器原理的模块式镗刀设计,设计了镗杆整体结构和各模块间的接口形式,并对减振模块进行了结构设计和参数选择,确定了刀柄和头部切削模块。
[Abstract]:With the development of equipment manufacturing industry, the demand for deep hole processing is increasing day by day, and the requirement of quality and precision is higher and higher. Compared with the developed countries, the research of deep hole processing technology in our country lags far behind. Tool vibration has always been the main problem in deep hole machining. The boring bar used in deep hole machining is easy to cause vibration because of its large ratio of length to diameter, and the machining quality and efficiency are low. Therefore, how to reduce the vibration of boring bar in deep hole boring has become an important research topic. Some related researches have been done on the vibration absorption boring bar of the built-in vibration absorber at home and abroad, but the influence of the main parameters of the damping system on the vibration absorption performance of the boring bar is not much studied. In this paper, the vibration characteristics of the boring bar with built-in double shock absorbers are studied, the main factors affecting the damping performance are analyzed, and the design and development of the modular vibration absorption boring tool are carried out. Firstly, starting from the analysis of boring vibration, the principle and method of vibration reduction of boring bar are studied. The mechanical model and mathematical model of vibration absorption bar with built-in double unequal vibration absorber are established, and the functional expressions of relative amplitude and excitation frequency of boring bar are deduced. Under some simplified conditions, the theoretical optimization model of vibration absorption and boring bar is established, and the elastic and damping elements of the damping system are optimized by using the dynamic simulation software ADAMS. Secondly, the finite element simulation software ANSYS is used to simulate and analyze the vibration absorption boring bar, and then the frequency response simulation is carried out to study the influence of the main parameters of the built-in damping system on the vibration absorption performance of the boring bar, including the density of two mass blocks. Radial stiffness of rubber ring and damping coefficient of damping liquid. The analysis results have an important guiding function for the design of the built-in double unequal shock absorber. Finally, the design of modular boring tool based on the principle of built-in double unequal shock absorber is carried out, and the integral structure of boring bar and the interface between each module are designed, and the structural design and parameter selection of the damping module are carried out. The cutter handle and head cutting module are determined.
【学位授予单位】：哈尔滨理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：TG53

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