一种新型Al-Zn-Mg-Cu合金杯形件摆辗成形技术研究
发布时间：2019-02-18 14:55
【摘要】：Al-Zn-Mg-Cu合金由于其轻质、高比强度、抗腐蚀性能好、易成形和可焊接等优点,越来越受到航空航天、国防军工、武器装备等领域专家学者和技术人员的青睐,其在国防领域的成功应用同样引起了汽车等民用工业行业的广泛关注,越来越多的汽车覆盖件及整车框架已逐步开始试用这类铝合金。摆动辗压工艺是通过连续局部塑性变形来使工件获得所需形状尺寸的回转成形加工工艺,适用于薄盘类和法兰类零件的成形。它具有省力、节材、冲击振动噪声小、产品精度高、投资少等诸多技术及经济方面的优点,在车辆、机械、电器仪表及轻工五金业得到了快速发展和广泛的应用。本文结合摆动辗压成形工艺,对新型Al-Zn-Mg-Cu合金杯形件成形进行探究。首先,利用Deform-3D软件对该类杯形件三种成形方案进行数值模拟,结果表明:该类杯形件摆辗成形载荷分别是挤压成形和压扭成形的1/4和2/5,省力效果非常明显。同时,对杯形件摆辗成形的成形过程、等效应变场分布、金属流动、成形截面网格变化及变形区分布、损伤场进行分析,结果表明:杯形件摆辗成形主要分为三个阶段,等效应变呈M型梯度变化,杯形件摆辗成形损伤值相对较小,成形效果好。随后,研究不同坯料高径比及始辗温度对成形效果的影响,结果显示:最佳坯料高径比为1.0,始辗温度390℃。在数值模拟基础上,进行不同坯料高径比及工艺的物理实验,结果显示:杯形件摆辗成形无论从晶粒尺寸还是力学性能上均优于挤压及压扭成形。最后,结合摆辗杯形件存在问题,提出了往复挤压工艺制坯方案,结果显示:经往复挤压后的材料塑性显著提升,组织及力学性能也得到较大优化。本文通过一系列研究,成功试制出符合成形要求的杯形件,同时结合实际问题,提出往复挤压制坯工艺,为后续该类材料杯形件更大批量的制造及更高服役条件的需求打下坚实的理论和实践基础。
[Abstract]:Because of its advantages of light weight, high specific strength, good corrosion resistance, easy forming and weldability, Al-Zn-Mg-Cu alloy is more and more favored by experts and technicians in the fields of aerospace, national defense and military industry, weapons and equipment, etc. Its successful application in the field of national defense has also attracted wide attention in the field of automobile and other civil industries. More and more automobile panels and vehicle frames have gradually begun to use this kind of aluminum alloy. Swing forging is a kind of rotary forming process which can make the workpiece obtain the required shape and size by continuous local plastic deformation. It is suitable for forming thin disk and flange parts. It has many advantages in technology and economy, such as saving labor, saving materials, low impact vibration and noise, high precision of product, less investment, etc. It has been rapidly developed and widely used in the field of vehicle, machinery, electrical instrument and light industry hardware. In this paper, a new type of Al-Zn-Mg-Cu alloy cup forming process is studied. Firstly, the numerical simulation of the three forming schemes of this kind of cup parts is carried out by using Deform-3D software. The results show that the forming load of this kind of cup is 1 / 4 and 2 / 5 of that of extrusion forming and pressing and torsion forming, respectively, and the effect of saving force is very obvious. At the same time, the forming process, the distribution of equivalent strain field, metal flow, the change of forming section mesh and the distribution of deformation zone and damage field are analyzed. The results show that the forming process of cup forming is mainly divided into three stages. The equivalent strain varies with M-type gradient, and the damage value of cup forming is relatively small, and the forming effect is good. Then, the influence of different ratio of height to diameter of billet and temperature of initial rolling on forming effect was studied. The results showed that the optimum ratio of height to diameter of blank was 1.0 and the initial rolling temperature was 390 鈩，
本文编号：2425952
[Abstract]:Because of its advantages of light weight, high specific strength, good corrosion resistance, easy forming and weldability, Al-Zn-Mg-Cu alloy is more and more favored by experts and technicians in the fields of aerospace, national defense and military industry, weapons and equipment, etc. Its successful application in the field of national defense has also attracted wide attention in the field of automobile and other civil industries. More and more automobile panels and vehicle frames have gradually begun to use this kind of aluminum alloy. Swing forging is a kind of rotary forming process which can make the workpiece obtain the required shape and size by continuous local plastic deformation. It is suitable for forming thin disk and flange parts. It has many advantages in technology and economy, such as saving labor, saving materials, low impact vibration and noise, high precision of product, less investment, etc. It has been rapidly developed and widely used in the field of vehicle, machinery, electrical instrument and light industry hardware. In this paper, a new type of Al-Zn-Mg-Cu alloy cup forming process is studied. Firstly, the numerical simulation of the three forming schemes of this kind of cup parts is carried out by using Deform-3D software. The results show that the forming load of this kind of cup is 1 / 4 and 2 / 5 of that of extrusion forming and pressing and torsion forming, respectively, and the effect of saving force is very obvious. At the same time, the forming process, the distribution of equivalent strain field, metal flow, the change of forming section mesh and the distribution of deformation zone and damage field are analyzed. The results show that the forming process of cup forming is mainly divided into three stages. The equivalent strain varies with M-type gradient, and the damage value of cup forming is relatively small, and the forming effect is good. Then, the influence of different ratio of height to diameter of billet and temperature of initial rolling on forming effect was studied. The results showed that the optimum ratio of height to diameter of blank was 1.0 and the initial rolling temperature was 390 鈩，
本文编号：2425952
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