基于数值模拟的半轴套管复合镦挤模工艺设计和优化

发布时间：2019-05-22 10:09

【摘要】：随着人们生活水平的提高,对汽车结构安全可靠性的要求也是越来越高。半轴套管作为汽车结构中重要的零部件,其质量的好坏则直接对汽车的整体可靠性带来影响,因而半轴套管对汽车的安全性具有重要意义。半轴套管的成形工艺对工件质量有着重要影响,而在半轴套管的各种成形工艺中,热塑性成形工艺在能够得到合理尺寸与形状的同时,还可使金属材料的微观组织结构发生改变,进而改善零件的机械性能。因此,以半轴套管晶粒尺寸细化为目的的热挤压工艺参数优化,成为了提高其质量的重要方法。本文在对国内外研究现状分析的基础上,选取了较为合理的成形工艺方法。同时运用Solidworks软件建立了半轴套管坯料和成形模具的三维几何模型,并基于Deform-3D软件中的Microstructure后处理模块,对半轴套管成形过程中晶粒尺寸的变化进行了模拟分析。研究了变形量、坯料初始温度及挤压速度对工件晶粒尺寸的影响,结果显示,随着变形量以及挤压速度的增大,晶粒尺寸随之减小,而坯料初始温度的升高则会使晶粒尺寸变的粗大。同时研究了半轴套管终锻凹模结构的不同,对晶粒尺寸变化的影响,结果发现圆弧形工作带结构更能使晶粒得到细化。半轴套管的热挤压塑性成形过程是一个复杂多变的过程,变形中受到多种因素的影响。其中坯料初始温度、挤压速度、模具初始温度和摩擦系数是较为主要的四个因素,针对这些影响因素运用有限元数值模拟与正交试验设计相结合,对半轴套管成形过程进行了优化分析,并得到了四个因素对成形质量影响的主次顺序:坯料初始温度挤压速度模具初始温度摩擦系数,以及最优的参数组合。通过本文的研究丰富了热塑性成形工艺的内容,得到了各影响因素对半轴套管成形质量的影响规律,可为同类型零件的实际生产提供理论依据。
[Abstract]:With the improvement of people's living standard, the requirements for the safety and reliability of the automobile structure are also getting higher and higher. As an important component in the automobile structure, the quality of the half-axle sleeve is directly affected by the overall reliability of the automobile, so the half-axle sleeve is of great significance to the safety of the automobile. The forming process of the half-shaft sleeve has an important influence on the quality of the work piece, and in the various forming processes of the half-shaft sleeve, the thermoplastic forming process can change the microstructure of the metal material while the reasonable size and the shape can be obtained, and further the mechanical property of the part can be improved. Therefore, the optimization of the hot extrusion process parameters for the purpose of refining the grain size of the half-shaft sleeve has become an important method to improve the quality of the hot extrusion process. On the basis of the analysis of domestic and foreign research situation, this paper chooses a more reasonable method of forming technology. At the same time, the three-dimensional geometric model of the half-shaft sleeve blank and the forming die is established by using the Solidworks software, and the change of the grain size during the forming process of the half-shaft sleeve is simulated and analyzed based on the Microstructure post-processing module in the Deform-3D software. The effect of the deformation, the initial temperature of the blank and the extrusion speed on the grain size of the workpiece is studied. The results show that the grain size decreases with the increase of the deformation and the extrusion speed, and the initial temperature of the blank increases the grain size. At the same time, the effect of the structure of the final forging die of the half-shaft sleeve on the grain size is studied, and the result shows that the structure of the arc-shaped working belt can make the grain more refined. The hot extrusion and plastic forming process of the half-shaft sleeve is a complicated and variable process, which is affected by various factors in the deformation. In which the initial temperature of the blank, the extrusion speed, the initial temperature of the die and the friction coefficient are the main four factors, and the finite element numerical simulation and the orthogonal test design are combined for the influencing factors, and the forming process of the half shaft sleeve is optimized and analyzed. The primary and secondary order of the influence of four factors on the forming quality is obtained: the initial temperature coefficient of friction of the initial temperature of the blank and the optimal combination of parameters. Through the research of this paper, the content of the thermoplastic forming process is enriched, the influence law of each influence factor on the forming quality of the half-shaft sleeve is obtained, and the theoretical basis for the actual production of the same type part can be provided.
【学位授予单位】：长春工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TG306

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