聚晶金刚石钎焊膏的研制

发布时间：2019-06-20 20:41

【摘要】：聚晶金刚石复合钻头(PDC)因其具有极高的钻探效率,已被广泛地应用于石油、地质勘探、天然气等诸多领域。这种钻头是将聚晶金刚石复合片钎焊在高强钢基体上制备而成的。目前,工厂生产聚晶金刚石钻头常采用手工火焰钎焊的方法。这种钎焊方法不仅效率低,而且工人稍有不慎就会造成金刚石的高温碳化,使产品报废。而高频感应钎焊具有升温速度快、温度可控,且一次性将全部金刚石复合片焊接完成的优点。其作为替代传统手工钎焊的新型工艺,逐渐成为该领域的研究热点。而传统的银基钎料并不能满足实际需要,所以找出高频感应钎焊合适的钎料,是该工艺能成功应用的前提,因此亟待开发新型钎料。为了实现高效率与高质量地制造金刚石钻头,本文研制了一种适应于高频感应钎焊的新型银基钎焊膏。该钎焊膏具有良好的可操作性、易用性和安全性,可配合高频感应钎焊,制备聚晶金刚石复合钻头,获得良好的社会效益和经济效益。新型银基钎焊膏主要由钎料合金粉、钎剂、粘结剂组成,其中Ag-Cu-Zn合金钎料粉末占比75%~80%,氟化物银钎剂粉末占比10%~14%,饱和硅酸钠溶液占比7%~8%,白油占比2%~3%,烷基酚聚氧乙烯醚占比1%~2%。本文测试了新型钎焊膏的润湿性、填充间隙能力、钎焊接头力学性能以及最佳钎焊工艺。性能测试结果表明:在700℃以后,该钎焊膏在待焊母材表面具有良好的润湿性,多次测试结果的润湿角均小于20°。填缝性能测试中,当垫片的厚度在2mm以下时,它可以填充整个焊缝。爬高性能测试中,当焊缝间隙小于1.2mm时,该钎焊膏能够逆重力填充高于25mm的焊缝;焊缝间隙为2.0mm时,能够填充高于10mm的焊缝,且焊缝具有很高的强度。力学性能测试结果表明:断裂位置均出现在硬质合金母材内部,显微分析发现,在接近母材区域,Al、Cu等元素均匀过渡,无明显的焊接缺陷。最后,本文经测试得到该新型钎焊膏的最佳钎焊工艺参数如下:(1)钎焊温度:680~700℃(2)钎焊保温时间:20s(3)钎缝间隙:0.1~0.5mm(4)钎焊压力:2.0MPa~4.0MPa。
[Abstract]:The PDC is widely used in the fields of petroleum, geological exploration and natural gas because of its extremely high drilling efficiency. The drill bit is prepared by welding a polycrystalline diamond composite sheet on a high-strength steel substrate. At present, the production of polycrystalline diamond bits in the factory often adopts manual flame welding. The welding method is not only low in efficiency, but also can lead to high-temperature carbonization of the diamond, so that the product is scrapped. The high-frequency induction welding has the advantages of high temperature-raising speed, controllable temperature, and one-time welding of all the diamond composite sheets. As an alternative to the traditional hand-welding, it has become a hot spot in this field. The traditional silver-based material can not meet the actual needs, so it is necessary to find a suitable material for high-frequency induction welding, which is the prerequisite for the successful application of the process, so it is urgent to develop a new type of material. In order to manufacture the diamond bit with high efficiency and high quality, a new type of silver-based solder paste for high-frequency induction welding is developed. The welding paste has good operability, ease of use and safety, can be matched with high-frequency induction welding to prepare the polycrystalline diamond composite drill bit, and has good social and economic benefits. The novel silver-based solder paste is mainly composed of the following components in percentage by weight:75-80% of Ag-Cu-Zn alloy powder,10-14% of fluoride-silver-containing powder,7-8% of saturated sodium silicate solution,2-3% of white oil and 1-2% of alkylphenol-polyoxyethylene ether. In this paper, the wettability, filling gap and mechanical properties of the novel solder paste and the optimum welding process are tested. The results of the performance test show that after 700 鈩，

本文编号：2503515