高速铣车复合加工中心直驱摆头动力刀架静动态特性及颤振分析

发布时间：2019-06-26 20:53

【摘要】：随着科学技术的不断发展,中高端数控机床的发展已经成为各个国家制造业的重要装备之一。铣车复合加工中心是中高端机床的典型代表,以高精度、高效率、高速度等各项优势,得到了各国的一致认可;机床的各项优势与其关键性功能部件的优劣是密不可分的。作为机床的关键性功能部件--直驱摆头动力刀架,其性能的高低对机床的几何精度、加工质量及效率产生直接的影响。因此,对直驱摆头动力刀架的静动态特性进行研究,看其是否能够满足加工精度的要求,是非常有必要的。本文以铣车复合加工中心的关键性功能部件直驱摆头动力刀架为研究对象,对其进行了静动态特性分析、谐响应分析,在此基础上对加工中心铣削时引起的颤振进行了分析,得到了加工稳定性叶瓣图。本文的研究内容主要如下:(1)运用Solidworks软件建立了直驱摆头动力刀架三维建模,并采用ANSYS Workbench软件对其进行了静态特性分析,得到在铣削力和重力作用下的最大变形量和最大应力。(2)对直驱摆头动力刀架模型进行模态分析,得到前6阶固有频率,并对不同摆角下直驱摆头动力刀架的模态进行分析,得到了摆角对模态的影响规律。(3)在模态分析的基础上,对直驱摆头动力刀架进行谐响应分析,得到在激振力作用下的幅频特性曲线图,从图中可以看出容易发生共振的频率,从而加工时应尽量避免落在这些频率附近。(4)对直驱摆头动力刀架进行动力学分析,得到了加工中心在加工时的稳定性叶瓣图。研究了铣刀齿数、径向切削深度和进给量对加工稳定性的影响规律,结果表明铣刀齿数越少、径向切削深度小、进给量适当增加,越不容易发生颤振。
[Abstract]:With the continuous development of science and technology, the development of high-end CNC machine tools has become one of the important equipment in the manufacturing industry of various countries. The compound machining center of milling machine is a typical representative of middle and high end machine tools, which has been unanimously recognized by all countries because of its high precision, high efficiency, high speed and so on. The advantages of machine tools are closely related to the advantages and disadvantages of its key functional components. As the key functional component of machine tool, the performance of direct drive swing head power tool holder has a direct impact on the geometric accuracy, machining quality and efficiency of machine tool. Therefore, it is very necessary to study the static and dynamic characteristics of the straight drive swing head power tool holder to see if it can meet the requirements of machining accuracy. In this paper, the dynamic and static characteristics and harmonic response of the power tool holder, which is the key functional component of the milling center, are analyzed, and the flutter caused by the milling of the machining center is analyzed, and the blade diagram of the machining stability is obtained. based on the analysis of the static and dynamic characteristics and the harmonic response of the tool holder, the flutter caused by the milling of the machining center is analyzed, and the blade diagram of the machining stability is obtained. The main contents of this paper are as follows: (1) the three-dimensional modeling of the power tool holder of the straight drive swing head is established by using Solidworks software, and the static characteristics of the tool holder are analyzed by ANSYS Workbench software, and the maximum deformation and stress under the action of milling force and gravity are obtained. (2) the modal analysis of the dynamic tool holder model of the straight drive swing head is carried out, and the first six natural frequencies are obtained. The modes of the power tool holder with straight drive swing head under different pendulum angles are analyzed, and the influence of swing angle on the mode is obtained. (3) on the basis of modal analysis, the harmonic response analysis of the power tool holder of straight drive swing head is carried out, and the amplitude-frequency characteristic curve under the action of excitation force is obtained, from which we can see the frequency that is prone to resonance. Therefore, it is necessary to avoid falling near these frequencies as far as possible. (4) the dynamic analysis of the power tool holder of the straight drive swing head is carried out, and the stable lobe diagram of the machining center during machining is obtained. The effects of milling cutter tooth number, radial cutting depth and feed rate on machining stability are studied. the results show that the smaller the number of milling cutter teeth, the smaller the radial cutting depth and the proper increase of feed rate, the less flutter occurs.
【学位授予单位】：兰州理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TG659

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