基于激光干涉仪的对角线和步进对角线测量方法的实验误差分析

发布时间：2021-06-09 19:27

　　分别使用对角线和步进对角线两种测量方法,通过测量机床工作台不同直线的定位误差来确定三轴数控加工中心的空间误差。到目前为止,空间误差测量方法的相关研究已经日渐成熟,但缺少针对对角线和步进对角线测量方法所得平均空间误差的研究分析。本文基于对角线和步进对角线测量方法提出一种实验误差分析方法;采用步进对角线测量方法,通过英国Renishaw公司的XL-80型激光干涉仪,分别测量六种不同路径的定位误差,再利用实验误差分析方法得出不同路径相应的空间误差。对角线和步进对角线测量方法的起点和终点相同,并且分别给出了详细的测量方法。为了对比测量结果,本文建立了一个数学模型;通过实验测量得出对角线测量方法的平均空间误差小于步进对角线测量方法,直线测量误差随机床工作台测量点位置和高度的变化而变化;结果表明,对角线测量方法优于步进对角线测量方法。实验结果的目的是为了更好的了解和广泛应用两种空间误差测量方法对应的平均空间误差分析方法。 

【文章来源】：广东海洋大学广东省

【文章页数】：108 页

【学位级别】：硕士

【文章目录】：
Abstract
摘要
1 Introduction
    1.1 Problem Statement
    1.2 Thesis Outline
2 Research Background
    2.1 Literature Review
    2.2 Machining systems and a machine tool
    2.3 3-axis and5-axis machine tool
    2.4 Error,Accuracy and Resolution of a Machining System
    2.5 Error Budget
    2.6 Sources of Errors
        2.6.1 Error Classification
        2.6.2 Geometric Errors
        2.6.3 Kinematic Errors
        2.6.4 Thermal Errors
        2.6.5 Force-Induced Errors
        2.6.6 Other Errors
    2.7 Error Elimination Methodologies
        2.7.1 Error Avoidance or Precision Design
        2.7.2 Error Compensation
        2.7.3 Compensation Techniques
3 Measurement Methods
    3.1 Direct Measurement Method
        3.1.1 The Lase-Based Measurement Method
        3.1.2 The Gravity-Based Measurement Method
        3.1.3 Material-Based Measurement Method
    3.2 Indirect Measurements
        3.2.1 Artifacts Based Measurements
        3.2.2 Contour-Based Measurements
        3.2.3 Indirect Measurement From Direct Measurement Apparatus
    3.3 Error Measurement Devices
        3.3.1 Ball Bar
        3.3.2 Laser Tracker
        3.3.3 Laser Interferometer
    3.4 Line Methods and Shortcomings in Line Methods
        3.4.1 9-Line Measurement Method
        3.4.2 12-Line Measurement Method
        3.4.3 13-Line Measurement Method
        3.4.4 14-Line Measurement Method
        3.4.5 15-Line Measurement Method
        3.4.6 22-Line Measurement Method
        3.4.7 Diagonal Measurement Method
4 Mathematical Modeling of a Machine Tool
    4.1 Geometric Errors of a Machine Tool
        4.1.1 Inaccuracies Due to Geometric Errors
        4.1.2 Geometric error component
    4.2 Homogeneous Transformation Coordinates System of a Machine Tool and Carriage
    4.3 Derivation of Error Models of3-axis Vertical Machining Center(VMC1000p)
5 Experiment Methodology
    5.1 Specification of a Machine tool
    5.2 Laser System Components for Experiment Setup
        5.2.1 Renishaw’s Software Package
        5.2.2 XL Laser Head
        5.2.3 Tripod And Stage
        5.2.4 Height Adjustment
        5.2.5 XC Environmental Compensation Unit,Temperature Sensor and Material Temperature Sensor
        5.2.6 Mounting Kit for Attaching the Optics to Machine
        5.2.7 Linear Measurement Optics
        5.2.8 Swivel Mirror for Diagonal Measurement
    5.3 Linear Measurement Apparatus Setup
    5.4 Experimental Measurement by Using a Laser Interferometer
    5.5 Diagonal and Step-Diagonal Measurement
    5.6 Measurement by the Interferometer
        5.6.1 Diagonal Path Measurement
        5.6.2 Step-Diagonal or Path Measurements
6 Results
    6.1 Measurement Results
    6.2 Cosine Error,Abbe’s Offset Error,Dead Path Error And Other Errors
    6.3 Diagonal Measurement
    6.4 Step-Diagonal or Path Measurement
        6.4.1 Ax,Bx Line Measurement(Table7,Table8 )
        6.4.2 Ay Line Measurement(Table7)
        6.4.3 Az,Cz Line Measurement(Table7,Table9)
        6.4.4 By,Ey Line Measurement(Table8,Table11)
        6.4.5 Bz Line Measurement(Table8)
        6.4.6 Cx Line Measurement(Table9)
        6.4.7 Cy,Dy Line Measurement(Table9,Table10)
        6.4.8 Dx,Fx Line Measurement(Table10,Table12)
        6.4.9 Dz Line Measurement(Table10)
        6.4.10 Ex Line Measurement(Table11)
        6.4.11 Ez,Fz Line Measurement(Table11,Table12)
        6.4.12 Fy Line Measurement(Table12)
    6.5 Figures of Different Paths Measurement
    6.6 Mean error values of Diagonal and Step-diagonal measurements
    6.7 Mean error graphs of forward and reverse deviation
7 Conclusion and Future Framework
    7.1 Future work
Appendix
References
Acknowledgement


【参考文献】：
期刊论文
[1]Research on volumetric error compensation for NC machine tool based on laser tracker measurement[J]. WANG JinDong & GUO JunJie State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems Engineering,Xi’an Jiaotong University,Xi’an 710049,China.  Science China（Technological Sciences）. 2012(11)
[2]Error modeling, sensitivity analysis and assembly process of a class of 3-DOF parallel kinematic machines with parallelogram struts[J]. 黄田,李亚,唐国宝,李思维,赵兴玉,David. J. Whitehouse,Derek G. Chetewyn,Xianping Liu.  Science in China（Series E:Technological Sciences）. 2002(05)



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