平面静压气体轴承静动态性能研究

发布时间：2017-12-30 18:33

本文关键词：平面静压气体轴承静动态性能研究　出处：《华中科技大学》2012年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：静压气体轴承以其固有的无摩擦、高速高精度等优异性能而被广泛应用于超精密和超高速运动设备中的运动导向部件。但气体轴承因刚度低、阻尼小，以及稳定性较差等缺点限制了其应用。为了在提高轴承的承载力和刚度的同时实现更高的精度和稳定性，国内外学者国内外学者们进行了广泛深入的研究。目前对静压气体轴承静动态性能的研究主要针对固有节流轴承和小孔节流轴承，而对沿圆周离散分布压力腔的小孔节流静压气体轴承静动态特性及稳定性的研究工作，尚未见诸报道。因此，，本文主要针对圆形平面静压气体轴承静动态性能的数值计算方法及轴承参数对其静动态性能的影响规律进行了研究。本文首先建立了供气系统到节流孔之间的一元可压缩等熵流动模型并推导了描述气膜内压力分布的雷诺润滑方程，基于质量流量守恒原理并采用超松弛迭代数值算法求解了气膜内压力分布，进而计算了静承载力和静刚度等静态性能参数，分析了几何参数和工艺参数对其的影响规律。在气体轴承的静态性能分析基础上，利用摄动法并结合稳态雷诺方程，建立了气膜润滑的动态雷诺方程，推导出了圆形平面静压气体轴承的动态刚度系数和动态阻尼系数的计算方法。通过有限差分法进行数值计算得到了气膜压力动态分布，考察了气膜间隙、供气压力及扰动频率对轴承的动态性能的影响，并研究了各因素对气体轴承的稳定性影响规律。对平面静压气体轴承进行了实验测试，对比分析了实验数据和数值计算结果，验证了所建立数学模型和数值计算方法的准确性和采用该模型和计算方法进行动态性能研究的合理性。
[Abstract]:In order to improve the bearing capacity and rigidity of the bearing , the research on the static and dynamic characteristics and the stability of the small hole throttle static pressure gas bearing in the circumferential discrete pressure chamber has not been reported . Therefore , the paper mainly studies the numerical calculation method of static dynamic performance of the circular planar hydrostatic gas bearing and the influence of the bearing parameters on the static dynamic performance . This paper first establishes a compressible equal - entropy flow model between the air supply system and the orifice , and derives the Reynolds lubrication equation describing the pressure distribution in the gas film . Based on the principle of mass flow conservation and using the super - relaxation iterative numerical algorithm to solve the pressure distribution in the gas film , the static performance parameters such as the static bearing capacity and the static stiffness are calculated , and the influence laws of the geometric parameters and the process parameters are analyzed . Based on the analysis of static performance of gas bearing , the dynamic Reynolds equation of gas film lubrication is established by perturbation method and steady - state Reynolds equation . The dynamic stiffness coefficient and dynamic damping coefficient of circular planar hydrostatic gas bearing are deduced . Experimental tests are carried out on the plane static pressure gas bearing , the experimental data and numerical results are compared , the accuracy of the established mathematical model and the numerical calculation method are verified , and the rationality of the dynamic performance study is carried out by using the model and the calculation method .

【学位授予单位】：华中科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：TH133.36

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