压电式喷射三维打印成型系统开发与实验研究

发布时间：2017-12-31 07:39

本文关键词：压电式喷射三维打印成型系统开发与实验研究　出处：《华中科技大学》2012年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：快速成型技术具有加工周期短，成本低，应用范围广等优点，能够适应现代产品更新换代速度快对设计和制造的要求。三维打印技术是目前快速成型行业最有生命力的技术之一。现有的三维打印成型系统一般采用热气泡式喷射技术，即依靠加热溶液产生气泡来生成微滴，这种方式会对喷射溶液的性质带来影响，特别是生物、医药等新兴材料。目前，，三维打印成型系统一般价位较高，成型材料价格不菲。因此，展开对三维打印成型的理论研究，开发出一套对所喷射材料无热影响、成型材料成本低的三维打印成型系统具有重大的现实意义。本文分析了三维打印成型的工作过程，对比了各种喷射技术的特点，研究了溶液的喷射性能，分析了液滴对粉末表面的冲击、润湿和渗透的机理，为三维打印成型系统的开发、成型用粉末材料和溶液的配制、成型工艺的设计提供了理论依据。针对开发能够喷射热敏感溶液、成本低廉的三维打印成型系统的目标，本文将压电式喷墨打印机改造为适用于三维打印成型系统的喷射系统，并开发了模块化设计的机械系统，设计了三维打印成型系统的工作流程并开发了控制软件及硬件。在研究原压电式喷墨打印机所喷射墨水的物化性能的基础上，配制出与原墨水性能接近的喷射溶液。研究了粉末材料的形状、粒度、成分及含量等因素对三维打印成型的影响，配制出了用于制造模型的粉末材料配方。分析了成型工艺参数对成型性能和质量的影响，主要包括铺粉参数、打印层厚、切片方向、每层打印时间、成型温度等工艺参数。通过实验分析了三维打印成型试验中经常出现的制件缺陷及产生的原因，并提出相应的解决方案或者改进措施。通过实验，所开发的快速成型系统可制作出各种通用模型和具有复杂曲面的模型，如可啮合的齿轮组、螺旋桨模型等。制作的外壳模型包含直径0.5mm的小孔，厚度0.8mm的薄壁等细微结构的模型。开发的系统成型误差在±0.2mm以内，打印速度可以达到40-80s/层。
[Abstract]:Rapid prototyping has the advantages of short processing cycle, low cost and wide application. The 3D printing technology is one of the most vital technologies in the rapid prototyping industry. The existing 3D printing system generally adopts the hot bubble type. Jet technology. That is to say, the formation of micro-droplets by heating solution to generate bubbles, this way will have an impact on the properties of the spray solution, especially biological, pharmaceutical and other emerging materials. At present, three-dimensional printing molding system is generally expensive. Therefore, it is of great practical significance to develop a three-dimensional printing molding system with no thermal effect on the sprayed material and low cost of the material. In this paper, the working process of 3D printing molding is analyzed, the characteristics of various spray technologies are compared, the spray performance of solution is studied, and the mechanism of impact, wetting and permeation of droplets on the powder surface is analyzed. It provides a theoretical basis for the development of 3D printing system, the preparation of powder materials and solution for molding, and the design of molding process. Aiming at the goal of developing a three dimensional printing system which can spray heat sensitive solution and low cost, this paper transforms the piezoelectric inkjet printer into a jet system suitable for the three dimensional printing and forming system. A modular mechanical system is developed, the workflow of 3D printing and forming system is designed, and the control software and hardware are developed. On the basis of studying the physical and chemical properties of the sprayed ink from the original piezoelectric inkjet printer, the spray solution which is close to the original ink performance is prepared. The shape and particle size of the powder material are studied. The effect of composition and content on the 3D printing molding was studied. The powder material formula for manufacturing model was prepared, and the influence of molding process parameters on the molding performance and quality was analyzed, including the powder laying parameters. Printing layer thickness, slice direction, printing time of each layer, molding temperature and other technological parameters. And put forward the corresponding solution or improvement measures. Through experiments, the developed rapid prototyping system can produce a variety of general models and models with complex surfaces, such as meshing gear sets. The shell model consists of a small hole with a diameter of 0.5 mm and a thin wall with a thickness of 0.8 mm. The system forming error of the developed system is within 卤0.2 mm. Printing speed can reach 40-80 s / layer.
【学位授予单位】：华中科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：TH164

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