球式自动平衡装置在突变偏心量激励下的动态特性研究

发布时间：2017-12-31 11:05

本文关键词：球式自动平衡装置在突变偏心量激励下的动态特性研究　出处：《中南大学》2012年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：旋转机械是许多现代化工业和企业的关键设备,是应用最为广泛的一类机械,如汽轮机、发电机、燃气轮机、压气机、风机、泵等,都是电力、石化、冶金等行业的核心设备。这些设备是否正常运行,直接影响着社会的经济效益和人们的生产生活,尤其是在现代科技的推动下,旋转机械的转速不断提高,这就对旋转机械工作时的安全性和可靠性提出了更高的要求,而振动问题一直是导致旋转机械故障的重要成因,解决这一问题的办法之一就是应用自动平衡装置实施在线自动平衡。球式自动平衡装置就是在线自动平衡的一种。目前,对于球式自动平衡装置的研究主要都是针对滚球平衡原始偏心量的一些动态特性,而大多数旋转机械的转子在运行过程中随时间的推移其物理状态都会发生一定的变化,致使转子原始的平衡状态遭到破坏,因此,研究球式自动平衡装置在线跟踪平衡特性也很有重要意义。本文针对球式自动平衡装置在突变偏心量和随机偏心量激励下的动态特性进行了理论建模、数值仿真和实验研究。主要研究内容如下： 1.分析了突变偏心量产生的原因、危害及振动特性；提出了自动平衡装置实现平衡的稳态技术指标；应用拉格朗日方程建立了球式自动平衡装置在突变偏心量和随机偏心量激励下的数学模型。 2.基于MATLAB的数值仿真方法,利用Runge—Kutta算法对球式自动平衡装置在突变偏心量及随机偏心量作用下的动态特性进了计算机仿真,并分析了其动态特性。 3.设计和构建了球式自动平衡装置在突变偏心量激励下的实验台,配置了相应的振动信号采集与测试系统。通过实验和仿真的对比,验证了球式自动平衡装置对突变偏心量的在线快速跟踪平衡特性。
[Abstract]:Rotating machinery is the key equipment of many modern industries and enterprises, is the most widely used type of machinery, such as steam turbines, generators, gas turbines, compressors, fans, pumps and so on, are electric, petrochemical. The core equipment of metallurgy and other industries. Whether these equipments run normally will directly affect the social economic benefits and people's production and life. Especially under the impetus of modern science and technology, the rotating speed of rotating machinery is constantly increasing. This puts forward higher requirements for the safety and reliability of rotating machinery while working, and the vibration problem has always been an important cause of failure of rotating machinery. One of the ways to solve this problem is to use the automatic balance device to carry out the on-line automatic balance, and the ball type automatic balancing device is one of the on-line automatic balancing devices. At present, the research of ball automatic balancing device is mainly aimed at some dynamic characteristics of the original eccentric of ball balance. However, the physical state of the rotor of most rotating machinery will change with the passage of time, resulting in the original balance of the rotor being destroyed. It is also of great significance to study the on-line tracking and balancing characteristics of ball-type automatic balancing device. In this paper, the theoretical modeling, numerical simulation and experimental study of the dynamic characteristics of the spherical automatic balancing device under the excitations of abrupt eccentricity and random eccentricity are carried out. The main research contents are as follows: 1. The causes, hazards and vibration characteristics of the catastrophe eccentricity are analyzed. The steady-state technical index of the automatic balancing device is put forward. Based on Lagrange equation, the mathematical model of the spherical automatic balancing device under the excitations of abrupt eccentricity and random eccentricity is established. 2. Numerical simulation method based on MATLAB. The dynamic characteristics of the spherical automatic balancing device under the action of sudden eccentricity and random eccentricity are simulated by using Runge-Kutta algorithm and its dynamic characteristics are analyzed. 3. Design and construct the experiment platform of the ball automatic balance device under the excitations of the abrupt eccentricity, and configure the corresponding vibration signal collection and test system. Through the comparison of experiment and simulation. The on-line fast tracking and balancing characteristics of the abrupt eccentricity of the ball-type automatic balancing device are verified.
【学位授予单位】：中南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：TH113.25

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