基于超声波技术的螺栓紧固轴力测量应用研究

发布时间：2018-01-01 14:05

本文关键词：基于超声波技术的螺栓紧固轴力测量应用研究　出处：《浙江工业大学》2012年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

更多相关文章： 超声波 轴向力 PMTS 螺栓 螺栓应力

【摘要】：高强度螺栓作为连接件,已被广泛应用于机械设备、车辆船舶、飞机卫星、铁路桥梁、建筑结构等领域。为了确保这些钢构工程的稳定和安全,研究一种能直接、准确测量高强度螺栓紧固轴力的方法具有十分重要的意义。本文依据超声波声弹性原理,选用长兴县某高速中央大道钢桁梁桥用的6种高强度螺栓为试验样品进行试验研究。本论文的主要研究工作如下： 1、本文对于工程施工常用的螺栓紧固方法的经济性、精度、重复性和再现性进行了比较分析,重点研究了基于声弹性现象的超声波螺栓轴力测量的方法和原理,并且有针对性的介绍了新型的头部镶嵌永久压电传感器的螺栓(PMTS)的原理和应用。 2、分析研究了螺栓扭拉复合受力状态和单一只受轴力状态下建立的螺栓超声特性曲线的区别,提出了单一只受轴力状态下建立的特性曲线的修正方法及夹紧长度改变、螺栓温度改变时螺栓特性曲线的修正方法。 3、根据课题需要对于6种试验螺栓进行理化检测并搭建了课题研究平台,依托试验平台研究了螺栓材料状态、夹紧长度情况、螺栓温度状况、螺栓表面状况、形式尺寸大小、人员操作情况对超声波测量螺栓紧固轴力的影响,并重点分析了相同批次螺栓的在不同夹紧长度和不同温度条件下对超声测轴力的影响,提出了相同批次螺栓的紧固轴力与超声飞行时间差之间、螺栓夹紧长度与紧固轴力之间、螺栓温度与螺栓紧固轴力之间的关系。 4、笔者将试验螺栓按本文的研究方法进行总结分析,使用10只新型的头部镶嵌永久压电传感器的螺栓(PMTS)与普通螺栓一起进行施工安装并检验,精度分析结果表明,试验螺栓的轴力测量精度满足现场安装要求。
[Abstract]:High strength bolts as connectors have been widely used in mechanical equipment, vehicles, ships, aircraft satellites, railway bridges, building structures and other fields. In order to ensure the stability and safety of these steel construction projects. It is very important to study a method to measure the fastening axial force of high strength bolt directly and accurately. This paper is based on the principle of acoustic elasticity of ultrasonic wave. Six kinds of high strength bolts used in a high speed central road steel truss girder bridge in Changxing County are selected as experimental samples. The main research work of this paper is as follows: 1. The economy, precision, repeatability and reproducibility of bolt fastening methods commonly used in engineering construction are compared and analyzed in this paper. The method and principle of ultrasonic bolt axial force measurement based on acoustic elastic phenomenon are studied emphatically. The principle and application of a new type of PMTS with permanent piezoelectric sensor on the head are introduced. 2. The difference of the ultrasonic characteristic curve between the twisting and pulling state of bolt and that of a single bolt under axial force is analyzed and studied. The correction method of the characteristic curve established under the condition of single axial force and the correction method of the characteristic curve of the bolt with the change of clamping length and bolt temperature are put forward. 3. According to the need of the project, the physical and chemical testing of six kinds of test bolts was carried out and the research platform was built. Based on the test platform, the state of bolt material, clamping length and bolt temperature were studied. The influence of the surface condition, the size of the form, and the personnel operation on the ultrasonic measurement of the fastening axial force of the bolt. The influence of different clamping length and different temperature on the ultrasonic axial force of the same batch bolt is analyzed, and the difference between the fastening axial force of the same batch bolt and the time of flight of ultrasonic is put forward. The relationship between bolt clamping length and fastening axial force, bolt temperature and bolt fastening axial force. 4. The author summarizes and analyzes the test bolt according to the research method in this paper, and uses 10 new type bolt with permanent piezoelectric sensor to carry on the construction installation and the inspection together with the ordinary bolt. The results of precision analysis show that the axial force measurement accuracy of the test bolt can meet the requirements of field installation.
【学位授予单位】：浙江工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：TH131.3;TB559

【引证文献】