超精研加工对轴承套圈沟形偏差影响的研究

发布时间：2018-01-08 07:06

本文关键词：超精研加工对轴承套圈沟形偏差影响的研究　出处：《河南科技大学》2011年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：球轴承套圈沟道的沟形误差会影响沟道与钢球的密合程度,进而影响轴承工作性能,所以需要在沟道加工中严格控制。油石超精研广泛应用于球轴承套圈沟道的精密加工,一般是沟道加工中最后一道去除材料的工序,其主要作用是提高沟道的表面质量。生产中人们认识到该工序会产生破坏前工序磨削沟形的现象,只是由于超精研属于微量加工,其对沟形的影响往往被忽视。在精密轴承加工中,为了更好地控制沟形误差,有必要深入研究超精研对沟形的影响,以便采取有针对性的控制措施。本文基于球轴承套圈沟道超精研加工方式和油石的磨损特性,通过理论分析,探讨了一种原理性沟形误差的形成机制:油石的摆动使得油石的工作形面与沟道表面之间产生干涉,造成油石沿沟道宽度方向对沟道的不均匀研磨,从而改变沟道原来的圆弧形状,形成原理性沟形误差;表面干涉程度越严重,沟形误差越大。通过算例定量分析了油石厚度和沟道宽度对这种表面干涉的影响。讨论了一些工艺参数和因素对这种原理性沟形误差大小的影响:油石的厚度、摆动频率、摆动幅度、硬度及切削能力越大,引起的沟形误差越大;套圈沟道宽度越大,产生的沟形误差越大。在套圈沟道超精研加工中,油石是弹性地压在套圈沟道表面上的,可以自动退让,而且油石对套圈材料的切除能力也远没有砂轮或刀具那么强,因此,理论分析中的干涉并不意味着处于干涉区域的套圈材料被完全切除从而形成沟形偏差。实际套圈表面各点材料被油石切除的多少是不均匀的,依据材料磨损的基本规律,套圈表面材料研磨量的分布与油石工作面和套圈表面接触应力的分布和变化有关,因此接触应力的分布和变化规律可以在一定程度上反映沟形的变化规律。本文基于ANSYS软件,建立超精研油石和工件套圈的三维有限元模型,求解油石工作面和套圈表面的接触应力分布,并通过分析油石厚度和油石摆动幅度等因素对油石工作面和套圈表面接触应力分布的影响,进一步研究这些因素对沟形偏差的影响。研究结果同样表明,油石的厚度和摆动幅度越大,引起的沟形误差越大。本文的研究成果可以促进人们对超精研影响套圈沟形误差的机理和规律的认识,对精密轴承加工中更好地控制沟形误差有一定指导作用。
[Abstract]:The groove shape error of the ball bearing ring groove will affect the degree of the close connection between the groove and the steel ball, and then affect the bearing working performance. Therefore, it is necessary to strictly control in the channel processing. Oil stone superfine research is widely used in the precision machining of ball bearing ring groove, generally is the last material removal process in channel processing. The main function of this process is to improve the surface quality of the channel. In production, people realize that this process will produce the phenomenon of grinding groove shape before destroying the process, only because ultrafine research belongs to micro machining. In order to better control the groove shape error, it is necessary to study the effect of super precision research on groove shape in order to take targeted control measures. Based on the super-finishing machining method of ball bearing ring and the wear characteristics of oil stone, this paper analyzes theoretically. In this paper, the forming mechanism of the groove shape error is discussed: the swinging of the oil stone causes the interference between the working shape surface and the channel surface of the oil stone, resulting in the uneven grinding of the oil stone along the channel width direction. Thus the original arc shape of the channel is changed and the principle groove shape error is formed. The more serious the surface interference. The influence of the thickness and channel width of the oil stone on the surface interference is analyzed quantitatively by a numerical example. The influence of some technological parameters and factors on the error of this kind of principle groove shape is discussed: the thickness of the oil stone. The larger the swing frequency, swing amplitude, hardness and cutting ability, the greater the error of groove shape. The wider the raceway width, the greater the groove error. In the super-finishing of ring raceway, the oil stone is elastic pressed on the surface of the ring groove, which can automatically give way, and the removal ability of the oil stone to the ring material is not as strong as that of the grinding wheel or cutting tool. The interference in the theoretical analysis does not mean that the ring material in the interference region is completely removed to form a groove deviation. The actual number of material removed by the oil stone on the surface of the ring is uneven. According to the basic law of material wear, the distribution of material grinding amount on the ring surface is related to the distribution and change of contact stress on the face of oil stone face and ring surface. Therefore, the distribution and variation of contact stress can reflect the variation law of groove shape to some extent. Based on ANSYS software, the three-dimensional finite element model of super-fine grinding stone and workpiece ring is established in this paper. The contact stress distribution of the workface and the ring surface is solved, and the influence of the thickness of the oil stone and the swing amplitude of the oil stone on the contact stress distribution of the oil stone face and the ring surface is analyzed. The influence of these factors on the groove shape deviation is further studied. The results also show that the greater the thickness and the swing amplitude of the oil stone, the greater the groove shape error. The research results in this paper can promote the understanding of the mechanism and law of the influence of superfine research on the groove shape error of the ring, and have a certain guiding role for better controlling the groove shape error in the precision bearing machining.
【学位授予单位】：河南科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：TH133.3

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