RBI在桥式起重机风险评估技术中的应用研究与软件开发

发布时间：2018-01-11 13:05

本文关键词：RBI在桥式起重机风险评估技术中的应用研究与软件开发　出处：《东北大学》2011年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：桥式起重机作为一种特种设备,在国民经济发展中发挥着重要作用。近年来,桥式起重机事故时有发生,造成重大人员伤亡和财产损失。合理的检测是降低起重机失效风险最有效的方法之一。传统的桥式起重机检测采用定期视情的检测方法,该方法相对滞后,已经不能满足现代桥式起重机的检测需要。目前石油化工行业采用一种新的风险评估方法—RBI技术,该技术能够对在役设备做全面的风险评估,避免过度检测和检测不足等现象。本文通过对RBI技术的研究,将其应用到桥式起重机中,为在役桥式起重机的风险评估提供一种新的思路。本文总结了桥式起重机常见失效形式,为这些失效形式设计了样本采集表以收集失效数据,并通过数值分析方法对现有的数据进行处理,建立FMEA数据库,为后续RBI技术的定性、定量评估提供基础。桥式起重机零部件繁多,不可能也不必要对其一一进行详细的RBI评估,本文采用RBI定性分析方法对桥式起重机的所有零部件进行分析,给出了定性评估原则和方法,并利用Access和VB编制了桥式起重机数据库管理与定性分析软件,以提高定性评估的效率。定性评估得到的高风险零部件将进行定量评估。在桥式起重机定量风险评估过程中,本文采用层次分析法和多层次灰色综合评价方法计算失效概率的修正系数,对所建立失效概率模型进行修正。同时,结合桥式起重机失效特点,定量地给出失效后果的计算方法,然后根据风险的二维性来计算风险等级,最后编制桥式起重机定量风险评估软件。 RBI技术在桥式起重机安全评估中的应用是桥式起重机检测技术发展的一种新思路,为起重机风险评估提供一种新方法,对起重机械事故预防和安全性设计提供了一定的借鉴和参考。
[Abstract]:Bridge crane as a kind of special equipment, plays an important role in the development of national economy. In recent years, the bridge crane accidents have occurred, causing heavy casualties and property losses. Reasonable detection is one of the most effective methods to reduce the risk of failure of crane bridge crane. The detection of traditional detection method using the regular condition, the the method is relatively backward, has been unable to meet the needs of modern detection of bridge crane. The current petrochemical industry with a new risk assessment method of RBI technology, the technology to do a comprehensive risk assessment of in-service equipment, avoid the phenomenon of excessive detection and detection of defects. Based on the research of the RBI technology, its application to bridge crane, which provides a new method for risk assessment of in-service bridge crane.
This paper summarizes the common failure forms of bridge cranes, designs a sample collection table for those failure forms to collect failure data, and processes the existing data by numerical analysis method, and establishes FMEA database, which provides a basis for qualitative and quantitative evaluation of subsequent RBI technology.
Bridge crane parts are not possible nor necessary on the assessment of RBI in detail, this paper adopts the qualitative analysis method of RBI all parts of the bridge crane analysis, presents the principles and methods of qualitative assessment, and the preparation of the bridge crane management and qualitative machine database analysis software using Access and VB, in order to improve the efficiency of qualitative evaluation of the qualitative evaluation. High risk parts will be evaluated quantitatively.
In the bridge crane quantitative risk assessment process, the correction coefficient by AHP and multi-level grey comprehensive evaluation method to calculate the probability of failure, based on failure probability model was modified. At the same time, combined with the bridge crane failure characteristics, calculation method of quantitatively failure consequence, then according to the two-dimensional risk to calculate the risk grade, final preparation of bridge crane quantitative risk assessment software.
The application of RBI technology in bridge crane safety assessment is a new idea for the development of bridge crane detection technology. It provides a new method for crane risk assessment, and provides a reference for crane accident prevention and safety design.

【学位授予单位】：东北大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：TH215

【参考文献】