单梁双吊钩门式起重机结构分析与优化设计

发布时间：2018-01-19 05:03

本文关键词： 门式起重机有限单元法 ANSYS 吊具系统优化设计　出处：《长安大学》2011年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：门式起重机是一种重要的物料搬运设备,广泛应用于桥梁、水利、车站、港口、电站等生产领域中。随着我国经济的发展,它不仅在国民经济中占有重要的地位,在社会生产和生活的领域的应用也在不断扩大。钢结构设计是起重机系统设计中的重要环节,合理的结构设计可改善结构力学性能、提高资源的利用率,具有重要的现实意义。本文结合实际课题,以某公司生产的用于济南黄河大桥主桥吊装钢箱梁用的单梁双吊钩门式起重机为研究对象,采用大型有限元计算软件ANSYS为分析手段,建立了该起重机的有限元模型,对其进行静强度、静刚度、稳定性分析和模态分析,得出该起重机满足强度和刚度要求。提升系统是用来实现物料的垂直升降,是门式起重机最基本、也是最重要的部分,提升机构的结构特点与安全性能将直接关系到整机作业的安全性和可靠性。本文从单梁双吊钩门式起重机提升系统的组成部分及结构特点出发,建立了吊具系统的有限元模型,计算出吊具系统结构强度和刚度,依据计算结果对吊具系进行了结构改进,并对改进的吊具结构进行了验算,说明改进方案提高了提升系统的安全性。论文最后,通过APDL参数化建模,利用仿真软件ANSYS优化工具箱对起重机的主梁结构进行了优化设计,优化后的主梁结构自重减少了14.27%,并对优化后的主梁进行了静强度、静刚度及稳定性验算,验证了优化结果的合理性和可靠性。本文的研究结果表明,采用ANSYS有限元软件对实际工程对象进行有限元分析与结构优化能够缩短设计周期、降低生产成本,本文的研究可为同类产品的设计与优化提供参考。
[Abstract]:Gantry crane is an important material handling equipment, widely used in bridge, water conservancy, station, port, power station and other production fields. It not only plays an important role in the national economy, but also expands its application in the field of social production and life. Steel structure design is an important link in the design of crane system. Reasonable structural design can improve the mechanical properties of the structure and increase the utilization of resources, which is of great practical significance. In this paper, a single beam double hook gantry crane used in the main bridge hoisting of Jinan Yellow River Bridge is taken as the research object. The finite element model of the crane is established by using the large finite element calculation software ANSYS, and the static strength, static stiffness, stability analysis and modal analysis are carried out. It is concluded that the crane meets the requirements of strength and stiffness. The lifting system is used to realize the vertical lifting of materials. It is the most basic and the most important part of the gantry crane. The structural characteristics and safety performance of the lifting mechanism will be directly related to the safety and reliability of the whole machine. This paper starts from the components and structural characteristics of the lifting system of single-beam double-hook gantry crane. The finite element model of the hoisting system is established, the strength and stiffness of the system are calculated, the structure of the suspension system is improved according to the calculation results, and the improved structure of the hoist is checked and calculated. The improved scheme improves the safety of the lifting system. Finally, through the APDL parametric modeling, using the simulation software ANSYS optimization toolbox to optimize the structure of the crane girder design. The dead weight of the optimized main beam structure is reduced by 14.27. The static strength, static stiffness and stability of the optimized main beam are checked to verify the rationality and reliability of the optimized results. The research results show that the finite element analysis and structure optimization of practical engineering objects by using ANSYS finite element software can shorten the design cycle and reduce the production cost. The research in this paper can provide reference for the design and optimization of similar products.
【学位授予单位】：长安大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：TH213.5

【引证文献】