透平机组转子动力学特性分析与模拟试验系统设计

发布时间：2018-01-19 08:08

本文关键词： 转子动力学有限元试验系统高速转子　出处：《华中科技大学》2011年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：各类透平机组被广泛地应用在工业上的各个领域。转子作为透平机械的重要组成部件,其工作环境越来越恶劣,设计要求越来越高,这使得转子系统的设计工作越来越困难,因此对转子系统进行动力学特性研究就显得越来越重要。伴随着各类旋转机械各种事故的发生,转子动力学的理论研究、分析方法以及试验技术也在不断进步。本文首先就透平机组的转子动力学特性进行了理论分析,分析了不同设计参数和工况参数对转子轴系系统特性的影响,为提升和优化现有透平机组转子的动态性能,以及对透平机组的设计工作提供理论依据。接着简单介绍了有限元数值计算分析技术的原理和特点,并针对实际电厂中的汽轮发电机组实例,遵循相应的简化原则对轴承、叶片、倒角等结构进行了简化处理,对汽轮发电机轴系进行三维结构建模,并通过选取合适的材料参数,最终建立了相应的三维有限元模型。通过加载相应的边界条件,设置正确的求解条件,利用有限元分析软件分别对模型完成了模态分析、谐响应分析、不同工况的动态响应计算、静挠度计算等数值计算,对实际透平机组的设计安装及监测检修工作提出了合理的建议。接着,本文对模拟透平机组转子低速试验系统台架的设计原则和设计方案进行了阐述,并对实际安装调试过程中可能遇到的一些困难进行了描述。同样,本文以模拟汽轮机试验系统的实例来进行相关说明。该试验系统包括转子系统、支承系统、润滑系统、动力控制系统、故障模拟装置、信号测试系统等。针对转子试验系统相应的技术指标,设计了相关零件图纸方案,并选择了合适的购买件。接着,在相关设计件和购买件齐备后,进行了试验系统的安装调试工作,获得了大量转子试验系统设计安装的经验。最后,针对试验系统的故障模拟实验,提出了相关的实验方案和实验要求。最后,本文还针对高速转子台架的建立工作进行了相关分析。首先对高速转子台架建立的可行性进行了分析,接着提出了台架建立和安装运行中可能会遇到的重难点问题,最后给出了相关的设计方案说明。
[Abstract]:All kinds of turbine sets are widely used in various fields of industry. Rotor as an important component of turbine machinery, its working environment is getting worse and worse, the design requirements are higher and higher. This makes the design of rotor system more and more difficult, so it is more and more important to study the dynamic characteristics of rotor system. Theoretical research, analytical methods and experimental techniques of rotor dynamics are also progressing. In this paper, the rotor dynamic characteristics of the turbine set are analyzed theoretically, and the effects of different design parameters and operating conditions on the rotor shaft system characteristics are analyzed. In order to improve and optimize the dynamic performance of the existing turbine group rotor and to provide a theoretical basis for the design of the turbine group, the principle and characteristics of the finite element numerical calculation and analysis technology are briefly introduced. According to the actual example of turbine generator set in actual power plant, the bearing, blade, chamfer and other structures are simplified according to the corresponding simplification principle, and the three-dimensional structure modeling of turbine generator shaft system is carried out. Finally, by selecting appropriate material parameters, the corresponding three-dimensional finite element model is established, and the correct solution condition is set up by loading the corresponding boundary conditions. The modal analysis, harmonic response analysis, dynamic response calculation of different working conditions, static deflection calculation and so on are carried out by using finite element analysis software. Reasonable suggestions are put forward for the design, installation, monitoring and maintenance of the actual turbine unit. Then, this paper describes the design principle and design scheme of the low speed test system for simulating turbine rotor, and describes some difficulties that may be encountered in the process of actual installation and debugging. The test system includes rotor system, supporting system, lubrication system, power control system and fault simulation device. The signal testing system and so on. According to the corresponding technical specifications of the rotor test system, the related parts drawing scheme is designed, and the appropriate purchase parts are selected. Then, after the relevant design parts and purchase parts are ready. The installation and debugging of the test system are carried out, and a large number of experience in the design and installation of the rotor test system are obtained. Finally, the related experimental scheme and experimental requirements are put forward for the fault simulation experiment of the test system. Finally, this paper also carries on the correlation analysis to the establishment of the high-speed rotor bench. Firstly, the feasibility of the high-speed rotor bench is analyzed. Then the paper puts forward some important and difficult problems that may be encountered in the installation and operation of the bench, and finally gives the related design scheme.
【学位授予单位】：华中科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：TH113

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