考虑大变形的全地面起重机塔臂工况撑杆设计研究

发布时间：2018-01-31 07:30

本文关键词： 全地面起重机非线性有限元起重性能计算塔臂工况撑杆　出处：《大连理工大学》2013年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：全地面起重机在能源、化工、抢险、码头等场所用途广泛,当在一些高度较高,作业覆盖区域较大的地方,主臂工况吊载满足不了需要,塔臂工况作为全地面起重机的重要工况,它的优势则可以在这种场合下得到发挥。由于塔臂工况产生大变形,利用非线性有限元求解显得很必要。起重量是衡量起重机整机性能的一个重要标志,起重性能表是随机交付的重要技术文档。臂架等结构的强度是起重性能的重要影响因素,因此对于强度决定的起重性能的计算就显得尤为重要。前、后撑杆是为了满足塔臂的变幅要求而设计的起到支撑作用的杆件,在起臂过程、吊载过程、塔臂变幅过程都是必不可少的。其几何参数对臂架构件的强度会产生影响,所以研究撑杆的设计对臂架强度、关键铰点受力等力学性能的影响显得非常重要。本文以1200t全地面起重机为研究对象,重点研究了强度决定的起重性能计算和撑杆设计对臂架力学性能的影响。本文主要研究内容如下： (1)了解全地面起重机的动作原理以及各作业工况下起重机的构成,根据全地面起重机塔臂工况的构成特点和受力情况建立全地面起重机塔臂工况的有限元模型； (2)基于非线性大变形的基本理论,并根据程序结构构建程序的功能块,实现整体刚度矩阵组装,整体载荷组装,坐标矩阵装换,单元杆端抗力计算等功能。进一步采用牛顿法进行迭代求解梁单元的非线性解,实现了基于梁的大变形理论的非线性节点力和变形的计算,并和ANSYS计算结果进行比较验证程序的正确性； (3)研究起重性能计算中用到的迭代算法以及怎么保证臂架变形后的工作幅度是起重性能表中需要的工作幅度等,最终得到基于非线性的强度决定的起重性能表： (4)通过臂架强度、关键铰点受力来评价前、后撑杆长度是否最优,以此来进行前、后撑杆的长度设计。研究表明,撑杆的几何参数对臂架强度等影响较大。同时,本文的研究成果被用到了1200t全地面起重机的实际项目开发当中,为全地面起重机塔臂工况的撑杆设计提供了一定的指导,该方法具有普遍意义和价值。
[Abstract]:All ground cranes are widely used in energy, chemical, emergency, wharf and other places. When some places with high height and large area of operation coverage, the main arm load can not meet the need. As an important working condition of all ground crane, the tower arm working condition can give full play to its advantages in this situation, because of the large deformation of tower arm working condition. It is necessary to use nonlinear finite element method to solve the problem. Lifting weight is an important symbol to evaluate the performance of crane. The lifting performance table is an important technical document for random delivery. The strength of the structure such as the boom is an important factor affecting the lifting performance, so the calculation of the lifting performance determined by the strength is particularly important. The front and rear brace is the supporting member designed to meet the requirements of the tower arm, in the process of lifting and lifting. It is necessary to change the amplitude of the tower arm, and its geometric parameters will affect the strength of the arm, so it is very important to study the influence of the design of the brace on the strength of the boom, the force of the key hinge and other mechanical properties. In this paper, 1200t all-ground crane is taken as the research object, and the influence of strength determined lifting performance calculation and brace design on the mechanical properties of boom is studied emphatically. The main contents of this paper are as follows: 1) to understand the operation principle of the all-ground crane and the structure of the crane under various operating conditions. The finite element model of the tower jib working condition of all-ground crane is established according to the structural characteristics and the force condition of the tower arm of the all-ground crane. 2) based on the basic theory of nonlinear large deformation, and according to the program structure, the function block of the program is constructed to realize the assembly of the whole stiffness matrix, the assembly of the whole load, and the installation and replacement of the coordinate matrix. Furthermore, Newton method is used to iteratively solve the nonlinear solution of beam element, and the calculation of nonlinear node force and deformation based on the theory of large deformation of beam is realized. The correctness of the program is verified by comparing the calculation results with ANSYS. 3) studying the iterative algorithm used in the calculation of hoisting performance and how to ensure that the working amplitude after the deformation of the boom is the required working range in the lifting performance table, and so on. Finally, the lifting performance table based on nonlinear strength is obtained. 4) whether the length of the back brace is optimal or not is evaluated by the strength of the boom and the force at the key pivot point, so as to design the length of the front and rear brace. The research shows that the geometric parameters of the brace have a great influence on the strength of the boom. At the same time, the research results of this paper have been used in the actual project development of 1200t all-ground crane. The method is of universal significance and value for the design of brace in tower jib working condition of all ground crane.
【学位授予单位】：大连理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：TH213

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