混合动力装载机动力系统设计与控制策略研究

发布时间：2018-02-03 17:54

本文关键词： 混合动力轮式装载机系统设计控制策略虚拟样机　出处：《吉林大学》2013年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：轮式装载机是重要的土石方施工设备，被广泛应用于工程建设领域，其油耗、排放问题一直为各方关注。混合动力技术是当前机动设备节能减排的主要途径，是轮式装载机的重要发展方向之一。本文依托国家“863”计划重点项目——《混合动力系统与节能型工程机械技术的应用研究》，以国内某6t装载机为原型，，对同轴并联油电混合动力装载机进行了研究。研究内容涵盖混合动力系统理论分析、构型设计、参数匹配、虚拟样机仿真、控制策略制定等环节，在部件研究的基础上进行了整机性能分析，具体研究工作如下： (1)理论及应用研究混合动力基础理论发展至今已经成熟，即通过发动机与电驱动系统的协同来调节发动机工作区域，让发动机更高效地运行从而实现节能减排。目前在轮式装载机上的应用尚处于起步阶段，除川崎65ZHybrid机型采用行星排耦合装置外，在研的油电混合产品均为同轴并联形式。 (2)整机构型设计动力系统构型设计关系着零部件的选配，是系统开发的重要基础。串联、并联及混联形式在汽车领域都有成熟的应用案例，串联形式的实质是自发电的纯电驱动系统，对电机功率要求较高，混联形式的技术要求最高，对于工况复杂恶劣的中型装载机适合采用并联形式。 (3)关键部件研究混合动力系统是在传统动力系统上增加一套电驱动装置实现的，对电机、电池、超级电容、功率逆变器及功率耦合装置等部件应有充分的认识，研究中将关键部件的不同类型进行了对比分析。 (4)工况分析轮式装载机作为专用装备，其动作具有周期性，不同的工作状态有不同的功率需求。通过工况分析获得作业过程中所需最大牵引力、最高行驶速度即最大需求功率等，为动力系统参数匹配和控制策略制定奠定基础。 (5)动力系统参数匹配并联混合动力系统常用的参数匹配方法是对整机功率流“削峰填谷”，根据工况平均功率，功率波动情况及电机、超级电容的工作电压范围确定了动力系统各关键部件。 (6)虚拟样机仿真借助图形化仿真平台——AMESim对经构型设计、参数匹配后的设计方案进行从部件到整体的虚拟样机建模和仿真，包括传统机型和混合动力机型的模型。并在Simulink中编制控制程序实现协同仿真。 (7)控制策略对混合动力系统常用的控制方式进行了对比，制定了基本逻辑门限值控制、电容SOC最大化控制、电机最小助力控制和结合了逻辑门限区域划分的实时最优控制4种控制策略，并结合仿真结果对这四种控制程序进行了分析。
[Abstract]:Wheel loader is an important earth-rock construction equipment, is widely used in the field of engineering construction, its fuel consumption, emissions has been concerned by all parties. Hybrid power technology is the main way to save energy and reduce emissions of mobile equipment. It is one of the important developing directions of wheel loader. This paper relies on the national "863" program key project-"Hybrid Power system and Energy Saving Construction Machinery Technology Application Research", taking a 6t loader as the prototype in China. The coaxial parallel oil-electric hybrid loader is studied. The research covers the theoretical analysis of hybrid power system, configuration design, parameter matching, virtual prototype simulation, control strategy formulation and so on. On the basis of the research of components, the performance of the whole machine is analyzed. The specific research work is as follows: Research on Theory and Application The basic theory of hybrid power has been developed to date, that is to say, the engine working area is regulated by the cooperation of engine and electric drive system. At present, the application in wheel loader is still in its infancy, except that the Kawasaki 65ZHybrid uses planetary plate-coupling device. In the study of oil and electricity mixed products are coaxial parallel form. Whole mechanism design The configuration design of power system relates to the choice of parts and components, and is the important foundation of system development. There are mature application cases in the field of automobile in the form of series, parallel and hybrid. The essence of series form is the pure electric drive system of self-generation, which requires higher power of motor and the highest technical requirement of mixed form. It is suitable for medium loaders with complex working conditions and bad working conditions to adopt parallel mode. Research on key components Hybrid power system is realized by adding a set of electric drive devices to the traditional power system. The components such as motor, battery, super capacitor, power inverter and power coupling device should be fully understood. In the study, the different types of key components are compared and analyzed. Analysis of operating conditions Wheel loader as a special equipment, its action has periodicity, different working conditions have different power requirements. Through the analysis of operating conditions to obtain the maximum traction required in the operation process. The maximum driving speed is the maximum required power, which lays the foundation for parameter matching and control strategy of power system. Parameter matching of dynamic system The common parameter matching method of parallel hybrid power system is to "cut the peak and fill the valley" to the whole machine power flow, according to the average power, power fluctuation and motor. The working voltage range of the super capacitor determines the key components of the power system. Virtual prototype simulation With the help of the graphical simulation platform-AMESim, the virtual prototype modeling and simulation from components to the whole are carried out for the design scheme after configuration design and parameter matching. It includes the models of traditional and hybrid models, and the control program is programmed in Simulink to realize collaborative simulation. Control strategy The common control methods of hybrid power system are compared, and the basic logic threshold control and capacitive SOC maximization control are established. The four control strategies of motor minimum power control and real time optimal control combined with logical threshold region division are analyzed, and the simulation results are combined to analyze the four control programs.
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：TH243

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