全地面起重机臂架算法对变形量的影响分析

发布时间：2018-02-27 08:31

本文关键词： 全地面起重机非线性 ANSYS APDL 变形量　出处：《大连理工大学》2012年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：全地面起重机在工厂、码头、建筑工地、矿山等场地有着广泛的用途。为实现起重机大起升高度和大幅度,主臂与副臂的组合方式得到了广泛应用。大起升高度和大幅度时的起重量逐渐成为衡量起重机性能的一个重要指标。起重能力是由一定臂长和幅度下的额定起重量定义的,而额定起重量又反过来影响着幅度,因此在设计过程中必须考虑臂架变形的影响。目前在起重性能的计算和变形的计算上有了一些研究,但并没有深入研究起重量对变形的影响。换而言之,在对起重性能进行确定时没有相关文献讨论起重量对变形量的影响。本文以某500t全地面起重机臂架系统为研究对象,从线性、非线性理论出发,仅针对臂架强度决定的起重性能,研究主臂工况和塔式副臂工况下不同理论对臂架变形量的影响规律。具体研究工作如下： (1)研究全地面起重机的作业工况和臂架工作原理,选取主臂工况和塔式副臂工况为研究对象,在充分了解臂架结构特点的基础上对臂架各部分进行模型简化并建立两种工况下臂架的有限元模型。对此两种工况下简化模型和复杂模型进行对比,验证本文简化模型的正确性。 (2)研究有限元参数化建模思想,采用比例迭代法利用ANSYS有限元软件的APDL语言编写求解最大起重量的计算程序,实现线性、非线性理论下不同工况的循环求解。 (3)用MATLAB对有限元结果进行处理,通过对不同初始变幅角、主臂臂长和塔式副臂臂长等因素的研究,得出线性、非线性理论对臂架变形的影响规律。研究结果表明,随着主臂臂长、塔臂臂长以及初始变幅角的增加,刚性、线性、非线性对变形量的影响差别越来越大。因此,在臂长较短或者臂长较长初始变幅角较小时,可用线性模型代替非线性模型,以提高计算效率。本文研究成果为同类型全地面起重机臂架系统有限元模型的简化提供借鉴,为臂架系统的设计、分析提供了参考,同时为更准确合理的计算起重性能提供依据。
[Abstract]:All-ground cranes have a wide range of applications in factories, docks, construction sites, mines and so on. The combination of the main arm and the accessory arm has been widely used. The lifting capacity is defined by the rated lifting weight at a certain arm length and amplitude, and the lifting weight is gradually becoming an important index to measure the performance of the crane. The impact of boom deformation must be considered in the design process. There has been some research on the calculation of hoisting performance and deformation, but the effect of lifting weight on deformation has not been studied in depth. In other words, The influence of lifting weight on deformation is not discussed in the relevant literature when the crane performance is determined. In this paper, the jib system of a 500t all-ground crane is taken as the research object. Based on the linear and nonlinear theory, only the lifting performance determined by the strength of the boom is considered. This paper studies the influence of different theories on the deformation of the boom under the main arm condition and the tower side arm condition. The specific research work is as follows:. 1) the working conditions and the working principle of the boom are studied, and the main arm condition and the tower side arm condition are selected as the research objects. On the basis of fully understanding the structural characteristics of the boom, the model of each part of the boom is simplified and the finite element model of the boom under two working conditions is established, and the simplified model and the complex model under these two conditions are compared. The correctness of the simplified model is verified. 2) the idea of parameterized finite element modeling is studied. The proportional iterative method is used to compile the calculation program for solving the maximum lifting weight by using the APDL language of ANSYS finite element software to realize the cyclic solution of different working conditions under the linear and nonlinear theory. MATLAB is used to deal with the finite element results. The influence of linear and nonlinear theory on the deformation of the boom is obtained by studying the factors such as the different initial amplitude variation angle, the length of the main arm and the arm length of the tower type accessory arm. The results show that with the increase of the length of the main arm, the length of the tower arm and the initial angle of variation, the effects of rigidity, linearity and nonlinearity on the deformation are more and more different. Therefore, when the length of the arm is shorter or the initial amplitude angle of the length of the arm is longer, the effect of stiffness, linearity and nonlinearity on the deformation is more and more significant. The linear model can be used instead of the nonlinear model in order to improve the calculation efficiency. The research results in this paper provide a reference for the simplification of the finite element model of the boom system of the same type of all-ground crane, and for the design and analysis of the boom system. At the same time, it provides the basis for more accurate and reasonable calculation of lifting performance.
【学位授予单位】：大连理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：TH21

【引证文献】