铁路轴承的凸度设计及热应力分析

发布时间：2018-03-02 12:31

本文选题：铁路轴箱轴承　切入点：有限元　出处：《武汉科技大学》2012年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：列车轴箱系统作为列车的核心组成部分对列车的安全运行起着至关重要的作用。随着我国列车的提速，对轴箱轴承的受力情况与热问题进行研究具有重要意义。以铁路轴箱双列圆柱滚子轴承为研究对象，建立有限元模型，用于研究其在服役状态下的接触应力行为表现。在这个模型中，滚子采用对数母线型，可参数化改变滚子的凸度量。数值分析结果表明：滚子为直母线型时，滚子两端处将产生较大的边缘集中力。随着凸度量的增大，边缘应力将逐步减小；当凸度量增加到16μm时，接触应力开始缓慢增大，此时接触应力分布呈椭圆形。本文还建立了高速铁路客车双列圆锥滚子轴承有限元模型，，在不同轴向力的作用下，研究其对接触应力分布的影响；另外，研究了轴承在温度场环境中的应力表现。结果表明：轴向力使轴承负载分布向滚子受压端集中，当轴向力大到一定值时，另一列滚子将脱离接触。在温度场与外载荷的共同作用下，轴承的接触应力大大增加了。得出结论：在设计过程中，滚子采用对数母线型和合理的凸度量能减少滚子边缘应力；在使用过程中要保证轴承的良好润滑，防止轴承因温升导致接触应力过大轴承寿命缩短的状况。
[Abstract]:As the core component of the train, the train axle box system plays an important role in the safe operation of the train. With the increase of train speed in our country, it is of great significance to study the bearing force and heat problems of the axle box bearing. Taking the double-row cylindrical roller bearing of railway axle box as the research object, a finite element model is established to study the behavior of contact stress in service. In this model, the roller is of logarithmic generatrix type. The results of numerical analysis show that when the roller is of a direct generatrix type, a large edge concentration force will occur at both ends of the roller. With the increase of the convex metric, the edge stress will gradually decrease, and when the convex metric is increased to 16 渭 m, The contact stress began to increase slowly, and the distribution of contact stress was elliptical. The finite element model of double-row tapered roller bearings for high-speed railway passenger cars is also established in this paper. The influence of different axial forces on the contact stress distribution is studied. The stress behavior of the bearing in the temperature field is studied. The results show that the axial force causes the bearing load distribution to be concentrated at the roller compression end, and when the axial force is large enough to a certain value, The other roller will be disconnected. The contact stress of the bearing increases greatly under the combined action of the temperature field and the external load. It is concluded that in the design process, the roller can reduce the edge stress by using logarithmic generatrix and reasonable convex metric. To prevent the bearing due to temperature rise due to excessive contact stress bearing life shortened.
【学位授予单位】：武汉科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：TH133.33;U270.3

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