起重机滑轨现场焊接质量研究

发布时间：2018-03-02 14:30

本文选题：起重机滑轨　切入点：闪光焊接　出处：《西南交通大学》2013年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：起重机滑轨广泛地应用于各种起重机所工作的领域,起重机是应用范围最广的工程设备之一,发电厂、核电、码头、水利、隧道、桥梁、石化、冶金、建筑等行业需求巨大。随着我国冶金、交通、矿山、航空、航天等重大工程中滑轨应用日益增多,对起重机滑轨的焊头质量的要求越来越高。由于起重机滑轨的焊接接头质量关系着工程使用安全和效益以及国防工程建设,因此确保起重机滑轨的现场焊接质量具有重要意义。本课题针对起重机滑轨在现场生产过程中焊接和焊后热处理工艺问题,分别对接头的质量进行研究。在焊接阶段,统计分析采集系统检测的焊接工艺参数,对滑轨的现场焊接质量进行研究。在焊后热处理阶段,通过对比分析不同状态下接头工艺试验结果,总结分析焊后热处理工艺对接头质量的影响。同时,为了确保正火热处理的质量,本文利用ANSYS有限元分析软件根据起重机滑轨的特殊截面结构,对正火加热器进行了与滑轨相匹配的优化设计。结果表明：采用闪光焊接工艺实现QU100起重机滑轨的无缝连接可行,实用效果良好,但灰斑是最常出现的缺陷,要注意防止和控制其产生,该种缺陷常出现在轨底区或轨角处,形态大小各异,对接头性能危害性很大；起重机滑轨焊后热处理工艺对提高起重机滑轨的接头质量十分有益；利用数值模拟方法优化加热器,能够快速准确地制定优化设计方案,明显缩短开发时间,节约成本；无论是U75V还是U71Mn材质的滑轨,正火态接头的断面收缩率和断后伸长率相比于焊态接头的均有很大程度的提升,但是抗拉强度变化不大,正火态接头的抗拉强度比焊态略高。
[Abstract]:Crane slide rail is widely used in various fields of crane work, crane is one of the most widely used engineering equipment, power plant, nuclear power, wharf, water conservancy, tunnel, bridge, petrochemical, metallurgy, The demand for construction and other industries is enormous. With the increasing use of slide rails in major projects such as metallurgy, transportation, mining, aviation, aerospace and other major projects in China, The requirement of welding head quality of crane slide rail is more and more high. Because the welding joint quality of crane slide rail is related to the safety and benefit of engineering use and the construction of national defense project, it is of great significance to ensure the spot welding quality of crane slide rail. Aiming at the problems of welding and post-welding heat treatment of crane slide rail in the field, the quality of the joint is studied separately. In the welding stage, the welding process parameters detected by the acquisition system are statistically analyzed. The field welding quality of slide rail is studied. In the stage of post welding heat treatment, the effect of post weld heat treatment process on joint quality is summarized and analyzed by comparing and analyzing the test results of joint process in different states. In order to ensure the quality of normalizing heat treatment, the optimization design of normalizing heater is carried out according to the special section structure of crane slide rail by using ANSYS finite element analysis software. The results show that using flash welding technology to realize seamless connection of QU100 crane slide rail is feasible and practical effect is good, but gray spot is the most common defect, so we should pay attention to prevent and control its occurrence, this kind of defect often appears in the rail bottom area or rail corner. Different shapes and sizes are harmful to the performance of the joints; the post-welding heat treatment process of the crane rail is very useful to improve the quality of the joints of the crane rails; the heater is optimized by the numerical simulation method. Can quickly and accurately work out the optimized design plan, obviously shorten the development time, save the cost; whether it is the slide rail of U75V or U71Mn material, The cross section shrinkage and the elongation after break of normalizing joint are greatly increased compared with that of welded joint, but the tensile strength of normalizing joint is slightly higher than that of welded joint, however, the tensile strength of normalizing joint is slightly higher than that of welded joint, but the tensile strength of normalizing joint is slightly higher than that of welded joint.
【学位授予单位】：西南交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：TH21;TG441.7

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