谐波齿轮传动关键零件力学特性分析

发布时间：2018-03-13 08:27

本文选题：谐波齿轮传动　切入点：柔轮　出处：《吉林大学》2011年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：谐波齿轮传动作为一种新型的传动技术在最近的几十年里发展的速度非常快。谐波齿轮传动主要是依靠柔轮的弹性变形来传递运动和载荷的。随着社会的进步和发展,在谐波齿轮传动出现后的几十年里,不仅仅科技强国在研究这项技术,世界上还有一些工业比较发达的国家也在这种新型传动技术的研发中投入了大量的人力和财力,针对这种新型传动技术在实际应用中出现的全部问题,各国学者都做了大量的工作。正是因为谐波齿轮传动本身所带有的复杂性和广泛性问题,所以至今还有不少问题没有完全很好的解决。所以,研究谐波齿轮传动具有非常重要的意义。本文主要对谐波齿轮传动关键零件的力学特性进行了研究,同时对柔轮的运动特性作出了一定的分析。本文主要内容: (1)全面的介绍和分析了谐波齿轮传动技术的发展趋势、研究现状,发现国内外谐波齿轮传动装置的现有产品在性能上还是有一定的差别,实际工作环境对谐波齿轮传动装置的要求非常高,特别是对传动装置在安装空间、使用寿命、承载能力等方面的要求比较高,基于这种问题提出了对谐波齿轮传动装置关键零件的力学特性有限元分析。 (2)介绍了谐波齿轮传动的原理、结构及特点,谐波齿轮传动中柔轮变形规律;根据柔轮变形的基本公式,计算出柔轮受四力作用时各点位移,得到柔轮的变形形状。最后在三维造型软件CATIA中建立谐波齿轮传动装置的实体模型,为谐波齿轮传动装置关键零件的力学特性有限元分析奠定了基础。 (3)谐波齿轮传动装置是依靠柔轮齿与刚轮齿之间的啮合来传递运动和载荷的,柔轮是在波发生器作用的情况下柔轮齿与刚轮齿才发生啮合,柔轮壳体的弹性变形带动着柔轮齿的运动,再通过柔轮齿与刚轮齿的啮合来实现轮齿的共轭运动及错齿运动。齿廓啮合接触力的分布体现了谐波齿轮传动装置的啮合性能。所以通过有限元接触分析对齿间的接触力进行分析。 (4)柔轮是谐波齿轮传动装置的主要构件,柔轮是一个薄壁壳体,柔轮壳体在实际工作环境中在交变应力的作用下,很容易发生疲劳破坏,整个谐波齿轮传动装置的使用寿命取决于柔轮壳体的强度,因此分析柔轮壳体的强度在对谐波齿轮传动的研究中的具有重要意义。本文分析了柔轮壳体中的应力大小和分布规律。 (5)进行了有限元动力学分析,确定了结构振动特性。对模型进行模态分析可以确定某个振型在特定方向上参与振动的程度,即可以确定模型的固有频率、振型。为了避免结构共振或以特定频率进行振动,对模型进行模态分析非常有效,这样使设计人员可以得到模型在不同固有频率下的不同振型,对刚轮和柔轮啮合的模型进行模态分析就可以得到模拟真实工作的振动情况,在此基础上可以对其它力学特性进行分析。柔轮的应力应变情况在载荷的作用下变得非常复杂。特别是波发生器的输入转速一般都比较高,柔轮在波发生器的作用下发生连续性的弹性变形,长时间承受着交变应力的作用,谐波齿轮传动的使用寿命在相当大的程度上取决于柔轮的强度。柔轮轮齿和壳体的疲劳断裂是谐波齿轮传动最主要的失效形式,因此在提高谐波齿轮使用寿命的研究中柔轮应力的分布状况显得十分重要。
[Abstract]:The harmonic gear drive as a new transmission technology development in recent decades is very fast. The harmonic gear drive mainly relies on the elastic deformation to transfer and load. With the social progress and development, in the harmonic gear drive after decades, not only in this country in science and technology research technology, there are some industrial developed countries in the development of this new transmission technology invested a lot of manpower and financial resources for all the problems of this new transmission technology in the practical application, the Chinese scholars have done a lot of work. It is because of the complexity of the harmonic gear drive and widespread problem, so far there are still many problems not well solved. Therefore, it is very important to research the harmonic gear drive. This paper focuses on the harmonic The mechanical characteristics of the key parts of the gear drive are studied. At the same time, the motion characteristics of the flexible wheel are analyzed.
(1) the research status of a comprehensive introduction and analysis of the development trend of harmonic gear transmission technology, found that the existing products of domestic and international harmonic gear drive still has some differences in performance requirements, the actual work environment of the harmonic gear drive is very high, especially for the gear life in the installation space. The bearing capacity, and other aspects of the requirements are relatively high, based on the finite element analysis of mechanical properties of key parts of the harmonic gear transmission is presented.
(2) introduced the principle of harmonic drive, the structure and characteristics of Flexspline in harmonic gear drive according to the basic formula of deformation; deformation of flexspline, calculate the displacement of the flexible wheel by four force, get the deformation of the flexible wheel. Finally established the entity model of the harmonic gear drive in the three-dimensional modeling software in CATIA, laid the foundation for finite element analysis of mechanical properties for the key parts of the harmonic gear transmission.
(3) the harmonic gear drive is to rely on the engagement between flexspline and rigid gear to transmit motion and loads, the flexible wheel is in the wave generator under the action of flexspline and rigid gear meshing occurs, the elastic deformation of flexible wheel drives flexspline movement, through the soft and rigid gear tooth the mesh to achieve conjugate movement and the wrong tooth movement. The distribution of tooth profile meshing contact force reflects the meshing performance of the harmonic gear drive. So through the finite element analysis of the contact force between the teeth contact analysis.
(4) is the main component of Flexspline in harmonic gear drive, flexspline is a thin shell, flexible wheel in the actual working environment under the action of alternating stress, it is prone to fatigue failure, service life depends on the harmonic gear driving device for flexible wheel strength, so the analysis is in research on harmonic gear drive of flexible wheel strength important significance. This paper analyzes the flexible wheel stress in size and distribution.
(5) the finite element dynamic analysis to determine the structural vibration. The modal analysis can determine a modal vibration in a certain direction of the extent of the model, which can determine the natural frequency, vibration model. In order to avoid the resonance structure or at a specific frequency in the vibration of the model is very effective. Modal analysis, so that designers can get different shape models with different natural frequencies, modal analysis of rigid gear and flexible gear meshing vibration model can simulate the real work, on the basis of the analysis of mechanical properties of the other.
The stress and strain of the flexspline under load becomes very complicated. Especially the wave generator input speed is generally relatively high, the flexible wheel in the wave generator under the effect of continuous elastic deformation, long time under the action of alternating stress, the life-span of the harmonic drive in a considerable degree depends on the strength of the flexible wheel. The fatigue fracture of the flexspline and the shell is the main failure form of harmonic gear drive, so soft round of stress distribution in the study on improving the service life of the harmonic gear is very important.

【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：TH132.43

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