机组轴系监测与故障诊断系统的开发与应用

发布时间：2018-03-16 14:16

本文选题：汽轮机　切入点：在线监测　出处：《华北电力大学》2011年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：汽轮机组故障诊断技术经过过去几十年的发展已经有了较大的进步,但随着电力科技的发展,发电企业对汽轮机组轴系的在线监测与故障诊断技术提出了更高的要求。因此本文在实验的基础上,利用LabVIEW虚拟程序语言,研究开发了一套汽轮机组轴系在线监测与故障诊断系统。论文首先总结了轴系故障的常见类型和其各自对应的故障征兆,并对常见的信号分析方法和故障诊断技术进行了比较,为系统的开发提供了理论基础。论文完成了系统的软硬件整体结构设计,包括对转子实验台、电涡流传感器、数据采集卡等的选择、安装和调试,以及对LabVIEW虚拟仪器语言的选用。论文完成了汽轮机轴系在线监测与数据分析系统模块的开发,主要包括数据连续采集、数据存储、数据的定时读取、数据小波降噪、时域分析和HHT变换分析等程序的模块化开发和系统整体界面的设计,以及适合现场实际应用的轴心轨迹图、频谱图的绘制,完成了对故障征兆的提取。论文研究分析了模糊集合理论,讨论了汽轮机组故障诊断中存在的模糊性,研究了模糊诊断理论的优越性和可行性。应用模糊逻辑诊断理论的最大隶属度原则,依据由汽轮机组常见故障与故障征兆之间因果关系建立的模糊关系矩阵编写了模糊故障诊断系统模块,并用它来诊断机组轴系发生故障的可能性,完成了对汽轮机组轴系常见故障的诊断。最后将各个模块化程序系统组合在一起,完成了整个轴系监测与故障诊断系统的开发。论文针对实际机组,进行了现场测点的布置安装设计,完成了系统在现场实际应用的理论工作。
[Abstract]:The fault diagnosis technology of steam turbine has made great progress in the past few decades, but with the development of electric power technology, Power generation enterprises have put forward higher requirements for on-line monitoring and fault diagnosis of turbine shafting. Therefore, based on the experiments, this paper makes use of LabVIEW virtual program language. A set of on-line monitoring and fault diagnosis system for steam turbine shafting is developed. Firstly, the common types of shafting faults and their corresponding fault symptoms are summarized, and the common signal analysis methods and fault diagnosis techniques are compared, which provides a theoretical basis for the development of the system. The whole software and hardware structure of the system is designed, including the selection, installation and debugging of the rotor test table, eddy current sensor, data acquisition card, and the choice of LabVIEW virtual instrument language. The system module of on-line monitoring and data analysis for steam turbine shafting is developed in this paper, which includes continuous data acquisition, data storage, data timing reading, data wavelet de-noising. The modularization development of time domain analysis and HHT transform analysis and the design of the whole system interface, as well as the drawing of the axis locus diagram and the spectrum chart suitable for the practical application in the field, have completed the extraction of the fault symptoms. This paper studies and analyzes the fuzzy set theory, discusses the fuzziness existing in the fault diagnosis of steam turbine, studies the superiority and feasibility of the fuzzy diagnosis theory, and applies the maximum membership degree principle of the fuzzy logic diagnosis theory. According to the fuzzy relation matrix established by causality relation between common faults and fault symptoms of steam turbine unit, the module of fuzzy fault diagnosis system is compiled, and it is used to diagnose the possibility of the fault of shafting of turbine unit. The common fault diagnosis of turbine shafting is completed. Finally, the modular program system is combined to complete the development of the whole shafting monitoring and fault diagnosis system. The layout and installation design of site measuring points are carried out, and the theoretical work of the system applied in the field is completed.
【学位授予单位】：华北电力大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：TH165.3;TP277

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