基于FLUENT的机床主轴动压轴承静特性研究

发布时间：2018-03-23 14:25

本文选题：动压轴承　切入点：FLUENT　出处：《郑州大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：目前,对于不同结构形式的滑动轴承,通常采用差分法或者有限元法来研究轴承的静、动态特性,在建立数学模型时要进行很多简化,往往忽略惯性项、油膜曲率等因素的影响,并且差分法不易对复杂形状的轴承进行特性计算。本论文以某机床支承主轴动压轴承为研究对象,基于Gambit建立不同工况和结构参数下轴承油膜模型,划分网格,编写控制半Sommerfeld边界条件的UDF程序。以计算流体力学知识为基础,采用FLUENT软件进行仿真迭代,得到支承主轴动压轴承在层流或紊流工况下的油膜压力场、承载力等静特性参数,并分析了这些参数随偏心率、轴颈转速、轴颈长径比和间隙比因素变化的规律。仿真结果如下： (1)无论层流或者紊流工况下,油膜压力极值的增量整体上是逐渐增加的,并且在紊流工况下增量比在层流工况下增量要大的多。在转速一定的情况下,承载力增量随着偏心率的增加而逐渐增大。 (2)在偏心率一定的情况下,油膜压力极值随转速呈线性增加,压力极值增长线性系数随偏心率的增加而增大。承载力随着转速的增加而增大。 (3)无论层流或者紊流工况下,油膜压力极值随长径比的增加而变大；在层流工况下,压力极值增幅基本相等；在紊流工况下,压力极值增加增幅逐渐变小。在偏心率和转速一定的情况下,承载力增幅随长径比的增加而变小。 (4)在偏心率、偏位角和转速一定的情况下,油膜压强极值随间隙比的增大而变小,并且减幅与轴劲的转速无关。承载力减幅随着间隙比的增加逐渐变小。本文为后续研究具有深浅腔的动静压轴承和浮环动静压轴承的静动态特性和流场提供了参考。
[Abstract]:At present, the difference method or finite element method is usually used to study the static and dynamic characteristics of sliding bearings with different structure. The difference method is not easy to calculate the characteristics of the bearing with complex shape because of the influence of oil film curvature and other factors. In this paper, the bearing oil film model under different working conditions and structural parameters is established based on Gambit, and the UDF program for controlling semi-#en1# boundary conditions is compiled based on the knowledge of computational fluid mechanics. The static parameters such as oil film pressure field and bearing capacity under laminar or turbulent conditions are obtained by simulation iteration with FLUENT software, and these parameters are analyzed with eccentricity and journal speed. The variation of the ratio of shaft length to diameter and clearance ratio. The simulation results are as follows:. 1) under laminar or turbulent conditions, the increment of the extreme value of oil film pressure is increasing gradually, and the increment is much larger in turbulent condition than in laminar flow condition. The increment of bearing capacity increases with the increase of eccentricity. 2) under the condition of constant eccentricity, the oil film pressure extremum increases linearly with rotational speed, the linear coefficient of pressure maximum increases with the increase of eccentricity, and the bearing capacity increases with the increase of rotational speed. (3) under laminar or turbulent conditions, the maximum value of oil film pressure increases with the increase of aspect ratio; under laminar flow condition, the pressure extreme value increases almost equally; under turbulent condition, the pressure extreme value increases with the increase of the ratio of length to diameter. Under the condition of constant eccentricity and rotational speed, the increase of bearing capacity decreases with the increase of aspect ratio. 4) under the condition of constant eccentricity, offset angle and rotational speed, the extreme value of oil film pressure becomes smaller with the increase of the clearance ratio, and the reduction amplitude is independent of the rotational speed of the axial force, and the bearing capacity decreases gradually with the increase of the clearance ratio. This paper provides a reference for further study on static and dynamic characteristics and flow field of hydrostatic bearing and floating ring bearing with deep and shallow cavity.
【学位授予单位】：郑州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：TH133.3

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