沟槽型表面织构的摩擦特性研究

发布时间：2018-03-28 04:21

本文选题：表面织构　切入点：微沟槽　出处：《南京航空航天大学》2011年硕士论文

【摘要】：在当今世界低碳经济的大背景下,提高效能、减少排放成为经济发展的前提,因此机械设备中广泛存在的摩擦、磨损和润滑问题日益受到关注。表面织构技术在降低摩擦、减小磨损、改善润滑、提高承载力等方面的优异表现,使之慢慢进入人们的视野,逐渐成为解决摩擦磨损问题的一种手段。其中沟槽型表面织构由于其加工方便、价格低廉等特点,成为最具工业应用潜力的一种表面织构形式。本文以沟槽型表面织构为研究对象,通过试验和数值分析的方法获得了微沟槽在往复运动条件下对摩擦性能的影响规律,并且进行了减摩机理分析,为沟槽型表面织构的设计提供了依据,将进一步扩大其工业应用范围。本文采用光刻及微细电解加工技术在硼铜铸铁材料表面加工出微小沟槽阵列,使用往复式摩擦磨损试验机研究其在面面接触时的减摩性能。以往复行程的平均摩擦因数作为评价指标,分别研究了沟槽宽度、深度、面积密度和方向各因素在不同接触压强和曲柄转速条件下对摩擦副摩擦性能的影响规律。借助有限元分析工具对微沟槽存在时的摩擦情况进行数值计算分析。使用ANSYS软件分析了摩擦副相对运动时微沟槽结构的应力分布情况。使用FLUENT软件分析了润滑油膜的压力分布及流动情况。结合有限元分析结果和试验结果,对微沟槽的减摩机理进行分析和总结。本文研究结果表明:沟槽宽度、深度、面积密度和方向等因素对摩擦副的摩擦性能影响显著,只有参数合适的微沟槽才能够起到减摩作用;其中方向因素是最重要的一个因素,不同方向的微沟槽其作用机理不尽相同。本文还对微沟槽表面织构的减摩机理进行了分析和总结: 1、90°沟槽(即沟槽方向与相对运动方向垂直)在流体动压润滑状态下能够产生显著的流体动压承载力,从而得到较低的摩擦因数。 2、0°沟槽(即沟槽方向与相对运动方向平行)在部分摩擦副表面发生直接的固体接触时,能够避免在棱边出产生应力集中现象,减小摩擦副表面粗糙微凸起的相互接触和变形程度。 3、0°沟槽内部的润滑油在往复运动产生的压力差作用下,会源源不断地流入摩擦界面中,为摩擦副提供润滑,起到减小摩擦的作用。 4、45°左右的沟槽发挥出了各种减摩机理的积极作用,在各种减摩作用的综合作用下,其试验中的减摩效果最为显著。
[Abstract]:Under the background of low carbon economy in today's world, improving efficiency and reducing emissions become the prerequisite of economic development. Therefore, the widespread problems of friction, wear and lubrication in machinery and equipment are paid more and more attention to. Surface texture technology is reducing friction. To reduce wear, improve lubrication, increase bearing capacity and other excellent performance, make it slowly into people's view, gradually become a means to solve the problem of friction and wear, among which groove surface texture because of its easy processing, Because of its low price, it has become a kind of surface texture with the most potential for industrial application. In this paper, the surface texture of grooves is studied. By means of experiments and numerical analysis, the influence of micro-grooves on friction performance under reciprocating motion is obtained, and the anti-friction mechanism is analyzed, which provides a basis for the design of groove surface texture. The scope of industrial application will be further expanded. In this paper, micro groove arrays were fabricated on the surface of boron copper cast iron by photolithography and micro electrolysis machining. The friction reduction performance of the reciprocating friction and wear test machine was studied by means of surface contact. The width and depth of grooves were studied with the average friction coefficient of reciprocating stroke as the evaluation index. The effect of various factors of area density and direction on friction performance of friction pairs under different contact pressures and crank speeds is studied. The friction of micro-grooves in the presence of micro-grooves is numerically calculated and analyzed by means of finite element analysis tools. The stress distribution of micro-grooves in the relative motion of friction pairs is analyzed by ANSYS software, the pressure distribution and flow of lubricating oil film are analyzed by FLUENT software, and the results of finite element analysis and test are combined. The antifriction mechanism of microgrooves is analyzed and summarized. The results show that the width, depth, area density and direction of the grooves have a significant effect on the friction performance of the friction pairs, and only the micro-grooves with appropriate parameters can reduce friction. The directional factor is the most important factor, and the mechanism of the microgrooves in different directions is different. The antifriction mechanism of microgroove surface texture is also analyzed and summarized. The 90 掳grooves (i.e. the grooves are perpendicular to the relative direction of motion) can produce a significant hydrodynamic bearing capacity under hydrodynamic lubrication, thus obtaining a lower friction coefficient. (2) when direct solid contact occurs on the surface of some friction pairs (i.e. the groove direction is parallel to the relative motion direction), the stress concentration phenomenon can be avoided at the edge of the groove. The degree of contact and deformation of rough and micro-protruding surface of friction pair is reduced. Under the pressure difference caused by reciprocating motion, the lubricating oil inside the 0 掳grooves will continuously flow into the friction interface, providing lubrication for the friction pair and reducing the friction. The grooves of about 45 掳play a positive role in the anti-friction mechanism. Under the comprehensive action of various anti-friction effects, the anti-friction effect of the grooves in the experiment is the most remarkable.
【学位授予单位】：南京航空航天大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：TH117

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